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Joshua 21:1-45

A Provision for the Priesthood

July 19, 2003 · Pastor Miles DeBenedictis

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This teaching traces how the tribe of Levi—once cursed for their cruelty—became God's ordained priests who received no inheritance but were given 48 cities scattered throughout Israel. It shows that God faithfully provides for both His people's physical and spiritual needs, and that He supplies His ministers through the stirring of His Spirit rather than through human demand.

  • The Levites received no land inheritance because God Himself was declared their inheritance and portion.
  • Levi was originally cursed by Jacob (Genesis 34, 49) for the cruel slaughter of Shechem, yet God transformed this cursed tribe into His priesthood.
  • The Levites became priests because, at the golden calf, they alone took the Lord's side and took up the sword (Exodus 32).
  • The Levites were scattered among the tribes so that God's ministers would be spread throughout the nation, not clumped in one place.
  • God provides for His ministers through His people, but through the stirring of the Holy Spirit (pictured by Eleazar the "helper"), not through ministers demanding money.
  • Joshua 21:45 declares that not one good thing God promised failed—all came to pass—a testimony of God's faithfulness.

Readable is a lightly edited reading copy; Verbatim stays close to the spoken words. The audio and video are the record of what was said.

And then came near the heads of the fathers of the Levites unto Eleazar the priest, and unto Joshua the son of Nun... And they spake unto them at Shiloh, in the land of Canaan, saying, The Lord commanded by the hand of Moses, Give us cities to dwell in, with the suburbs thereof, for our cattle. And the children of Israel gave unto the Levites, out of their inheritance, at the commandment of the Lord, these cities and their suburbs. ()

How a cursed tribe became God's priesthood—and what their provision reveals about the God who still provides for His people.

From the Cities of Refuge to the Levites

Last week we saw how the children of Israel made cities of refuge for the manslayer—anyone who killed someone unaware. That person could flee to a place of refuge and hide so the avenging kinsmen could not take his life, until the congregation tried him to determine whether the killing was premeditated or truly accidental. If it was an accident, the manslayer stayed in the city of refuge for the rest of his life or until the death of the high priest.

God had made this provision in His law within the land of rest—the land promised to Abraham back in . After more than 400 years, the children of Israel finally entered that promised land, and God gave them the rest He desired for them. On top of that rest, He provided cities of refuge.

Now the tribe of Levi comes to Joshua and Eleazar. These were the priests—the ones God ordained to serve in the temple and throughout the nation. One of their jobs was to keep the cities of refuge, to make sure the roads and signs all pointed to those places. Those six cities were given to Levi, but beyond them God had also provided cities scattered throughout Israel for this tribe.

A Tribe Without an Inheritance

The tribe of Levi received no inheritance in the land. We saw this earlier in , but the foundation is in Numbers 35:

The Lord spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying, Command the children of Israel, that they give unto the Levites of the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and ye shall give also unto the Levites suburbs for the cities round about them. ()

Why no inheritance? Because something special set this tribe apart. In the Lord said to Aaron, "Thou shalt have no inheritance in their land... I am thy part and thine inheritance among the children of Israel." Again in and , 33, God repeats it: the Levites would not receive a lot of land because the Lord Himself was their inheritance. That was a promise and a good thing—they were to look to God for everything.

The Curse Upon Levi

But why were they set apart with no inheritance? For that, we go to , where Jacob—also called Israel—lies on his deathbed and calls his twelve sons to speak blessings and, in some cases, curses over them.

Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations... in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall. Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel. ()

If I were God—and thank God I'm not—I don't think I would set aside instruments of cruelty to be my priests, the ones who come to me on behalf of the people and go to the people on behalf of me. Yet God often does things differently than we would. Jacob declares these two sons self-willed, angry men who slew a man, and says they will be scattered throughout Israel.

That scattering came true. Simeon was given a portion in the south out of Judah's territory, but the tribe soon left it and was dispersed among the northern tribes. And Levi, too, would be scattered throughout the nation—exactly as their father had prophesied.

What Happened at Shechem

To understand this curse, go back to . Jacob had returned to the land after fleeing his brother Esau years before—Esau wanting to kill him over the stolen birthright and blessing. Jacob had served Laban for over twenty years, married, and fathered twelve children. On his way home, he wrestled with God, was broken, and had his name changed from Jacob to Israel. He was reconciled with Esau and settled outside the city of Shechem.

And Dinah the daughter of Leah... went out to see the daughters of the land. And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her. ()

Shechem raped Dinah—but then fell in love with her and asked his father, Hamor, to secure her as his wife. Hamor came to Jacob proposing intermarriage and trade between the peoples, and Shechem offered any dowry they named. The sons of Jacob answered deceitfully, because he had defiled their sister. They agreed on one condition: every male of the city must be circumcised. Shechem, delighted, agreed and persuaded all the men of the city to do the same.

And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city boldly, and slew all the males. ()

They killed Hamor and Shechem, took Dinah back, plundered the city, and carried off the women, children, and all the wealth. Jacob rebuked them: "Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land." They answered, "Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot?"

God Makes the Crooked Straight

Scripture is full of sad and disgusting stories that carry lessons for us. This tribe was cursed and had done a wicked thing, yet God is able to take that which is crooked and make it straight, to take what is broken and make it whole. Every single one of us in this room is a testimony to God's power to restore. So how did this cursed, scattered tribe become the people God would call "My priests"?

Who Is On the Lord's Side?

We find it in . Moses was on Mount Sinai forty days and forty nights, not eating or drinking, receiving the law written by the very finger of God. While he was gone, the people despaired and asked Aaron to make them gods. Aaron—a Levite himself—gathered their gold and fashioned a golden calf, saying, "These be thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt." Absolute blasphemy.

Moses and Joshua descended the mountain to find the people naked, dancing in an orgy around the calf. Moses cast down the tablets, shattering them, to symbolize that Israel had already broken God's law—just forty days after swearing three times, "All that the Lord hath said we will do." Then he stood in the gate:

Who is on the Lord's side? let him come unto me. And all the sons of Levi gathered themselves together unto him. ()

Moses commanded them to take their swords and go through the camp, slaying the idolaters—even brothers, companions, and neighbors. That day about three thousand men fell.

The Letter Kills, the Spirit Gives Life

There are no coincidences in Scripture. On the day the law came down, three thousand men were killed. But in , on the day the Spirit came down, three thousand people were saved. As says, "the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life." The law kills—Moses made that plain when he broke the tablets. The first commandment already demanded death for serving other gods, so those bowing to the calf fell under it.

But the Levites received a blessing. Moses had said, "Consecrate yourselves to day to the Lord... that he may bestow upon you a blessing this day." Before this, God had intended every firstborn son of every family to serve as priest. But the Levites alone stood on the Lord's side and took up the sword—a picture of the word of God, the two-edged sword. So God shifted the blessing to the tribe of Levi: you shall be My priests, My ministers in the tabernacle, serving the people and overseeing the cities of refuge.

Will We Take Up the Sword?

Are we willing to take up the word of God—the sword of the Spirit—even toward a brother or sister, and say, "What you said, what you did, that attitude, is not right; God's word says this"? The eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth, looking for people whose hearts are loyal to Him. When God finds someone willing to stand strong for Him even at the cost of offending someone they love, He says, "You are one I am calling to be My minister." That doesn't necessarily mean a paid position at a church, but it means God says, "I want you to serve Me."

Scattered on Purpose

The Levites were cursed to be scattered and would receive no full inheritance—yet I believe it was God's will that they be scattered. God desires His ministers and priests throughout the whole world, not clumped in one small place where people drive by and say, "That's where all the real believers live," but who never go outside those walls. God has planted every one of you in strategic places with influence over people. It is His desire that we be scattered that way too.

But He made a provision. In the Levites come to Eleazar and Joshua and ask for the cities Moses promised. The children of Israel gave out of their own inheritance, at the commandment of the Lord: thirteen cities to the Kohathites from Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin; ten more to the rest of Kohath from Ephraim, Dan, and half Manasseh; thirteen to the Gershonites from Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and half Manasseh; and twelve to the Merarites from Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun. In all, forty-eight cities, every one named by God in verses 9–42.

First Lesson: God Cares and Provides

What does this mean for us? First, God cares for His people and therefore provides. He gave all the tribes a beautiful land of life and rest, and He gave cities of refuge—provision for their physical needs. But He provided for their spiritual needs with the Levites. Everything you have—your land, your job, your talents, your degree you worked so hard for—God gave it to you, because He is faithful and provides for our physical needs.

And on top of that, He provides for our spiritual needs by placing over us "Levites"—ministers who speak the word of God, who encourage, challenge, and rebuke us. I may be a pastor at this church, but I am yielded to the pastors here, and I receive teaching from many others. God has provided for my spiritual needs too.

Second Lesson: God Provides for His Ministers Through His People

God provides for His full-time ministers through His people—but notice how. Turn on TBN and you'll see people considered ministers of God standing before the people saying, "You need to give me money; you need to provide for my needs." I don't see that in Scripture. It's absolutely wrong.

Look at verse 1: the Levites came to Eleazar the priest and to Joshua the son of Nun. Joshua is a type of Jesus. But who is Eleazar? His name means helper—and in the New Testament Jesus speaks of the helper:

I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever. ()
But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things. ()
Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you. ()

Eleazar is a picture of the Holy Spirit. So where did the priests go for provision? Not to the people with an address for donations. They went to Eleazar—the Holy Spirit—and to Joshua—a picture of Jesus Christ—and brought their need. Then Joshua and Eleazar stirred the people to provide. That's how God works. When we have a need here, we don't stand before you and demand it; we go before the Lord and say, "If You desire this, provide it." And He stirs your hearts by His Holy Spirit—often miraculously, without a word from us.

I do note one more thing in verse 1: they also went to the heads of the tribes, who were like the elders. Practically, when I have a need, I go before the Lord first, and I may also go to the elders and say, "This is my need." But never to stand before you and declare, "This is what you need to do." That's not in Scripture.

The Priesthood Is in Their Genes

Here's something interesting: the priesthood really is in their genes. Starting in the mid-1990s, Jewish scientists in Israel studied whether men who claimed descent from Levi truly were Levites. Have you met someone with the last name Cohen? It comes from the Hebrew kohen, meaning priest. Testing the Y chromosome, they found six markers unique to this group, and the overwhelming majority of those named Cohen—or who believed they were Levites—genetically proved to be so. It was cited in a British medical journal in 1997.

Why does this matter? Israel has long been seeking true Levites, because to rebuild the temple they need Levites to run it—and they can't just take someone's word. As of the year 2000, there were 200 Levites training in a seminary in Israel, preparing to serve in the temple when it is rebuilt. That tells me Jesus is coming soon. Until He does, He has called you and me to be His priests to this world. We are a royal priesthood and a peculiar people ()—cursed, broken, and crooked as we once were, now made His priests. And He will provide for us, because He always does.

Not One Good Thing Failed

And the Lord gave unto Israel all the land which he sware to give unto their fathers; and they possessed it, and dwelt therein. ()

God wants us to lay hold of the life He has given, to possess it and dwell in it. Paul said, "I press on that I may lay hold of that for which God has laid hold of me." The Lord gave them rest round about, just as He swore. So many in this world seek rest, and Jesus said, "Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." He is the rest we need.

And the Lord gave them rest round about... there failed not ought of any good thing which the Lord had spoken unto the house of Israel; all came to pass. ()

Underline that, circle it, write "important" next to it. There failed not one good thing of all that the Lord had spoken. He swore to bring them home, to give them rest, to pour out His blessing—and He did. Every good thing He said, He did. He will do the very same in your life and in mine. He will give you the land to dwell in, the rest He desires for every one of us, and He will not fail.

If tonight you're not possessing the land, not dwelling in it, not experiencing rest, maybe it's because you're trying to do it all on your own—laboring, carrying burdens. People tell me, "I have a burden to do this and that." But is it God's burden? If so, lay it down at His feet, and He will give you rest and show you what to do. Not one good thing failed. Is that your testimony? If not, perhaps we are striving too hard to make it happen ourselves—and God would say, "Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest."

Closing Prayer

Lord, I do thank You for Your word. It is so applicable to us, and You desire to speak to us tonight even as we go. God, I pray that You would help us not to soon forget Your word, but to take it to heart—that everything You have promised, not one bit failed; it all came to pass. You have spoken great and precious promises to us, and they will come to pass in our lives. None of it will fail, because You never fail. We thank You for that. In Jesus' name, amen.

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