1 Corinthians 11:17
March 13, 2011 · Pastor Miles DeBenedictis
In this teaching
Paul rebukes the Corinthian church because their gatherings were doing more harm than good — marked by divisions, social-class snobbery, and a corrupted "love feast" that mocked the Lord's Supper. Miles challenges believers to ask whether their gatherings genuinely glorify God and edify the body, or merely serve their own glory, greed, and gluttony.
- The purpose of gathering as the church (ekklesia) is the exaltation of God and the edification and equipping of the body of Christ.
- Worship can become worthless or even sinful when hearts are far from God, as Isaiah, Amos, and Malachi warned Israel.
- Corinth divided over leaders' personalities, social class, and spiritual gifts — but in Christ all are one and equal at the foot of the cross.
- Schisms (carnal divisions) are destructive, while heresies (doctrinal challenges) can actually drive the body back to test truth against Scripture.
- The Corinthian agape feast displayed no love — the wealthy gorged themselves while the poor went hungry — so it could not be called the Lord's Supper.
- We must honestly examine whether our witness, even in fellowship meals and activities, truly represents Christ to a watching world.
Readable is a lightly edited reading copy; Verbatim stays close to the spoken words. The audio and video are the record of what was said.
Now in this that I declare unto you, I praise you not, that you come together not for the better but for the worse. For first of all, when you come together in the church, I hear that there are divisions among you, and I partly believe it... When you come together, therefore, into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's Supper. For in eating, everyone takes before other his own supper, and one is hungry and another is drunk. What? Have you not houses to eat and drink in? Or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.
When a church gathers, is it for the better — or for the worse?
From Commendation to Condemnation
At the open of chapter 11, Paul began with a commendation. In verse 2 he said, "Now I praise you, brethren, that you remember me in all things, and you keep the ordinances as I delivered them unto you." But when we come to verse 17, the tone shifts to condemnation: "Now in this that I declare unto you, I do not praise you, that when you come together, you come together not for the better, but for the worse."
The word translated church is the Greek ekklesia — assembly, gathering, congregation. It didn't only describe the church of God; in the ancient Roman world, any large public assembly could be called an ekklesia. But in the New Testament, the church is the gathering of people under the banner, headship, and authority of Jesus. It never refers to a place, a building, or a location — always to the group that gathers.
In Corinth, the believers were scattered throughout the city. There was no single large meeting place; they gathered in homes or whatever venues they could find. And when they gathered, Paul says, nothing good was coming out of it.
Gathering for the Better
When the body of believers gathers as the church of God, it should be for the better. The point of gathering is the exaltation of God through worship and the edification and equipping of the body of Christ. As says, God gave apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers "for the equipping of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ."
But in Corinth, it wasn't for the better. Their gathering didn't end in the exaltation of God or the building up of the body. It ended in jealousy, division, and immorality. So you start to wonder — why even get together if this is the result? Paul essentially says that if this is going to be the outcome, it would have been better for the Corinthians not to gather at all.
When Worship Becomes Worthless
That may sound shocking, but there is a way in which our worship can become worthless — even wickedness. Consider , verse 11. God, speaking through Isaiah, says:
To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto me? I am full of your burnt offerings... Bring no more vain oblations. Incense is an abomination unto me. Your new moons, your Sabbaths, your calling of assemblies. I cannot. Away with it... When you make many prayers, I will not hear, for your hands are full of blood.
In the eighth century BC, Israel had become stubborn and rebellious, departed from the Lord in their hearts. Yet they still went to the temple, offered sacrifices, and observed the feasts. There was an appearance of godliness devoid of any real devotion to God. So through Isaiah, God says, "Just stop."
He says it again through Amos in chapter 5, verse 21: "I hate, I despise your feast days... Take thou away from me the noise of your songs, for I will not hear the melody of thy vials." Could you imagine God saying today, "I don't want to hear your songs anymore"?
And in , verse 10 — God's last words before the coming of Messiah — perhaps the heaviest of all: "Oh, that one of you would shut the temple doors, so that you would not light useless fires on my altar. I am not pleased with you, says the Lord Almighty." It's so bad that God wishes someone would have enough guts to lock the doors, because their hearts were so far from Him that it was more sinful for them to be there than to stay away.
The Question We Must Ask
implies there's a type of person God is ashamed to be called their God — that when they say "I'm a Christian," God responds, "Could you not say that?" Because of the way they live, their witness is shameful to Him.
So we have to consider: Are we gathering together for the better or for the worse? Is it for the glory of God and the growth of the body of Christ? Or are we gathering for our own glory, our own greed, our own gluttonous appetites? That's exactly what was happening at Corinth.
Divisions Among You
Verse 18: "For first of all, when you come together in the church, I hear that there be divisions among you, and I partly believe it." Paul is giving them the benefit of the doubt — he already knew full well there were divisions. No wonder Ray Stedman used to call 1 Corinthians "1 Californians."
The word for divisions in the Greek is schisma, from which we get schism. As we saw earlier in , the Corinthian body had already divided itself based on the personalities of its leaders. It wasn't simply that the church was too big to meet in one place — they separated out of desire. In , Paul addresses it: people were saying, "I am of Paul, I am of Apollos, I am of Cephas, and I am of Christ." Paul asks, "Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you?"
Divided by Class and Gifts
But the divisions went much deeper than leaders. Within those fellowships, people divided along social lines. The church at Corinth — and the early church in general — was filled with people from different backgrounds. Many were slaves; others were masters. When they gathered, the wealthy grouped over here and didn't associate with the not-so-wealthy over there.
As chapter 12 unfolds, we'll see they also divided according to spiritual gifts — the gifted ones and the not-so-gifted ones. "I speak with tongues and you don't, so I can't hang out with you." What they failed to recognize is that those gifts were given to minister to one another and to God, not for personal pride. So Paul exhorts in that "there should be no schism in the body, but that the members should have the same care for one another."
This social division is clearly seen in the world, and it seems to get worse every day, with people pouring fuel on the fire. I saw Michael Moore — a millionaire himself — on MSNBC this week, holding handcuffs, looking into the camera at the Forbes 400, saying, "We're coming for you, you should be arrested for all your wealth." He needs to remove the plank from his own eye. He does not speak for me. But in the church, this kind of social warfare should never be the case.
One in Christ
Look at the standard for the body of Christ. : "For by one spirit we are all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free." : "You are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus... There is neither Jew nor Greek, neither bond nor free, neither male nor female, for you are all one in Christ." And : "There is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free, but Christ is all in all."
The body of Christ is to be open to all who would come. It's not a social club, not a country club. There ought not to be special seats for the top ten tithers, a high-IQ row, a blessed balcony, or a spiritual-elite corner. But at Corinth, there was. All are one and stand on equal foundation at the foot of the cross. This carnality should be crucified.
Heresies That Reveal the Approved
Verse 19: "For there must also be heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you." This can be confusing, especially in some translations. The key is that two different Greek words appear here. In verse 18, divisions is schisma. But in verse 19, the King James is the better translation — the word is hyreses, "heresies."
Schisms happen when we alienate ourselves from one another over foolish things — when people leave a church because of grudges. That grudge creeps in and festers like something forgotten in the back of the refrigerator. It grows, because you can't keep it to yourself; you talk with two or three dozen others under the guise of "we need to pray about this." But the prayer meeting just becomes a time of gossip. It builds into a root of bitterness, and people pick up their baseball bat and go to another diamond. It's far easier to pick up and go than to sit down, settle the issue, and move on. The same thing happens in marriage, with more than 50% ending in divorce.
Heresy, in contrast to schism, has to do with disagreements about doctrine — what the Bible actually says. While not necessarily good, heresy is actually better than schism, because it challenges the body to dig in and determine, "Is that exactly what the Bible says?" It causes us to return to the Word.
Testing Truth Against Error
The Lord allows doctrinal disagreements to form, for through them He makes manifest the distinction between truth and error. Someone says the Bible teaches Jesus is the spirit brother of Lucifer, a created being. Does it? Let's look. Someone says you'll become a god with your own planet, or that you must be baptized to be saved. Can you give me chapter and verse? Let's consider whether that's really what Scripture teaches.
When Paul was about to leave Ephesus, he warned that "seditious heresies" would come in, and that's why he stayed more than two years instructing them in the Word. Yes, doctrinal differences have produced many denominations — but through that same proving of truth, we've determined that groups like the Latter-day Saints and Jehovah's Witnesses are not orthodox but heretical cults. The creeds of the church — Nicene, Apostles' — developed precisely when heresy came in and the church said, "Time out. Is this true?" I can understand a Lutheran, Baptist, or Presbyterian church. But there should never be a "first church of the really wealthy people," or an assembly formed against the church down the road because we didn't like them.
A Supper That Wasn't the Lord's
Verse 20: "When you come together, therefore, into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's Supper." As we'll see in verse 23, Paul had instructed the Corinthians in the Lord's Supper when he established the church: the Lord Jesus took bread, broke it, and said, "This is my body, broken for you; do this in remembrance of me," and likewise the cup, "the New Covenant in my blood... as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you do proclaim the Lord's death until he comes."
So they did it often. As the church grew, a tradition developed called the Agape Feast — essentially a potluck. Ray Stedman said it well: "I like potluck suppers, but I don't like the name. I'm physically opposed to the first syllable, pot, and theologically opposed to the second syllable, luck." Pliny the Younger, writing to Emperor Trajan in the early second century, described how Christians gathered for a common meal — that agape feast — and then partook of the Lord's Supper at the end. That makes sense.
But Paul had a problem. Verse 21: "For in eating everyone takes before other his own supper, and one is hungry and another is drunk." The fortunate brought food and wine and gorged themselves to the point of gluttony and drunkenness, while the poor who had nothing sat isolated in the corner. So Paul says: don't call that the Lord's Supper. That's not at all what it is.
What the Church Should Actually Do
If the church isn't to do what Paul describes — which looks very much like modern fellowship — then what should it do when it gathers? One of the best answers is : "And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and in fellowship and in breaking of bread and in prayers."
The word translated fellowship is koinonia, which implies corporate public worship. So the church gathers for instruction in apostolic teaching, corporate worship, breaking of bread, and prayer. That doesn't mean we never do anything else in His name — but we can't slap the label "church of God" on a potluck or a ball game and call that sufficient. "I had my church today — I went to a church potluck." No.
What was happening in the Corinthian agape was anything but agape. When we reach , we'll see that word defined — often translated charity in the King James. They withheld their food, isolated their portions, and said, "Mine." It's what we learn to say at age two. They displayed no love, then threw in the Lord's Supper and called it church. If you cannot show love, don't call it a love feast.
Things Better Left Outside the Gathering
Verse 22: "What? Have you not houses to eat and drink in? Or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I praise you not." It seems the Corinthians had written to Paul bragging about this great Agape Feast. He replies: I've heard about it — people committing gluttony, getting drunk, and excluding those who have nothing. How is that agape? I cannot praise you.
There are certain things we have liberty to in Christ, but they're better left outside the gathering of the body of Christ. If you're going to play bingo, please don't call it church or do it at church. If you're in a multi-level marketing business, don't run it from within the church or hold a "Bible study" that's really an Amway meeting. We must consider how we represent Christ and treat His body in the things we do.
When we gather in Christ's name, is our behavior glorifying and honorable to God? Are we honoring Him in our softball teams, in that fellowship meal, in the prayer meeting that degrades into gossip, in the work day or youth outing? We go under the banner of the church of God, declaring to people, "We're Christians." Do they see honor, honesty, integrity, the fruit of the Spirit — or do they see that we're just like the rest of the world?
What Does the World See?
At the end of John's Gospel, and in Matthew, Jesus enters the temple, makes a whip of cords, and drives out the money changers, saying, "This shall be called a house of prayer for all nations." Scholars believe that marketplace was in the court of the Gentiles — the only place where non-Jews could come to see and experience the worship of the one true God. What did they see? They concluded God was all about money — gouging on exchange rates, selling substandard livestock at exorbitant prices.
There's an amazing contrast between the Corinthian church and the Jerusalem church in , where many sold all they had and gave to those in need. The Corinthians said, "This is mine." The Jerusalem church wasn't perfect — Ananias and Sapphira lied about their gift in and God dealt with them swiftly — but they genuinely shared. The Corinthians professed to be believers, but their lives did not portray it.
So we have to question ourselves. We announce to the world by our t-shirts and bumper stickers that we're Christians. Does God in heaven respond, "Oh no — really?" How are we representing Jesus to our coworkers, family, and community? Here's a heavy one: What would your coworkers say about you if another believer asked them? What would your spouse say? I'll leave you with that.
Closing Prayer
Lord, I thank you that your word is living and powerful and sharper than any two-edged sword, able to cut deep, dividing between soul and spirit, joint and marrow, a discerner of the thoughts and intents of our hearts. Sometimes it's painful, Lord. But we thank you that your word is living and that you speak to us. You desire to transform us, that your church, your gathering, would take on a totally different nature than the self-focused, self-centered, self-idolizing gatherings of this world.
Lord, would you transform my heart and my mind, transform the way I interact with my family and friends, that those in this world would see and recognize you — that you would show up more through us than we ourselves. We need you to work in this way, Lord. We ask this in Jesus' name. Amen.
Now in this that I declare unto you, I praise you not, that you come together not for the better but for the worse. For first of all, when you come together in the church, I hear that there are divisions among you, and I partly believe it. For there must also be heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you. When you come together, therefore, into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's Supper. For in eating, everyone takes before another his own supper, and one is hungry and another is drunk. What? Have you not houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.
Lord, as we look into your word here, we see a challenging exhortation, a rebuke really. We pray, God, that you would speak to us. When we come before your word, we have to do so humbly. We truly are nothing in and of ourselves. Apart from you, we can do nothing. It's so hard for us sometimes to come to that place of recognition, to honestly declare that we really are nothing. But, Lord, we so need you by your Spirit to work in us. We desire you to work your work in us that we would be more and more like you.
As we look into your word today, we ask that you, by your Spirit, would speak. Give us insight, Lord. Transform the way we think, and by doing that, transform the way that we live. We pray this in Jesus' name, and all God's people agreed, saying, Amen. You can be seated.
At the open of chapter 11, Paul began really with what was a commendation for the church.
At Corinth, Paul begins in verse 2 by saying, "Now I praise you, brethren, that you remember me in all things, and you keep the ordinances as I delivered them unto you." However, when we come down to verse 17, the tone shifts significantly. He states, "Now in this that I declare unto you, I do not praise you." Just a few verses earlier, he commended them for following the ordinances he laid down while he was there. Now, he expresses disappointment, saying, "I don't praise you in this, that when you come together, you come together not for the better, but for the worse."
The word in the New Testament that is translated as "church" is the Greek word "ekklesia." Ekklesia means assembly, gathering, or congregation. It does not only refer to the church of God; it could describe any sort of assembly in the Greek or ancient Roman world. Anytime a group of people gathered together in public as a large assembly, that would be called the ekklesia.
In the New Testament, however, the church refers specifically to that gathering of people who are under the banner of Christ Jesus, under the headship and authority of Jesus. It is never described as a place, location, or building; it always refers to the group that gathers. In the city of Corinth, there was a group of believers in Jesus, followers of God, who were gathered together. This group was united under the name and headship of Jesus Christ, and they met throughout the city of Corinth.
There wasn't one large meeting place where they all gathered. Perhaps there were times when they sought to come together as a large fellowship, but for the most part, they met in homes or whatever large venues they could find, often separated throughout the city. When they gathered, Paul notes that there was not really anything good coming out of it.
The first thing we notice in verse 17 is that when we come together, it should be for the better. When the body of believers gathers as the church of God, they should do so for the better. The point of gathering together as the body of Christ is the exaltation of God.
Worship and the edification and equipping of the body of Christ are essential when we gather together. Our whole aim is to worship God, exalt Him, and ensure that the body of Christ is edified and equipped, readied for service, and built up. As we see in , God has given some apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers for the equipping of the saints, for the work of the ministry, and for the edifying of the body of Christ. When we come together, that is the point.
However, the problem in Corinth was that when the body of believers gathered, it did not result in the betterment of the community. Instead of exalting God and edifying the body, their gatherings ended in jealousy, division, and immorality. This raises the question: why even get together if this is going to be the result? Paul suggests that it would have been better for the Corinthians not to gather at all. If the outcome is negative, then perhaps they should refrain from congregating.
You might wonder what Paul is talking about. There comes a time when it may be better for the church not to gather if the result is detrimental. To illustrate this point, let’s turn in our Bibles to the Old Testament, specifically to the book of Isaiah. Right after the book of Song of Solomon, in , we see that there is a way in which our worship can become worthless. It can even turn into wickedness and sinfulness.
In , God, speaking through the prophet Isaiah, says, "To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto me? I am full of your burnt offerings of rams and fat-fed beasts, and I delight not in the blood of bulls, or of lambs, or of goats. When you come to appear before me, who has required this at your hand to tread my courts? Bring no more vain oblations. Incense is an abomination unto me. Your new moons, your Sabbaths, your calling of assemblies, I cannot."
Away with it, says God. It is iniquity. It's sin. Even the solemn meeting, your new moons, your appointed feasts, my soul hates them. Man, that's heavy. They are trouble unto me. I'm weary to bear them. When you spread forth your hands, I will hide my eyes from you. When you make many prayers, I will not hear, for your hands are full of blood.
You see, in the 8th century BC, when God spoke through the prophet Isaiah, the nation of Israel had become stubborn and rebellious. They had departed from the Lord in their hearts. Yet, they still honored Him, if you could even call it honor. They honored Him by going to the temple, offering sacrifices, and observing the feasts, such as Passover and Tabernacles. They still honored Him with their lips, but their hearts had completely departed from the Lord.
Week after week, month after month, feast after feast, they brought their sacrifices to God. There was an appearance of godliness, but it was devoid of power and any real devotion to God. So God says through Isaiah, just stop. Why do this?
Not just through the prophet Isaiah, but also through the prophet Amos. Right after the book of Joel comes the book of Amos, right before Obadiah. In , God again speaks through one of His prophets. In verse 21, He says, "I hate." It's a heavy thing when God says He hates something. "I hate, I despise your feast days. I will not smell in your solemn assemblies. Though you offer me burnt offerings and your meat offerings, I will not accept them. Neither will I regard the peace offerings of your fat beasts. Take away from me the noise of your songs, for I will not hear the melody of your vials."
Could you imagine God saying today, "I don't want to hear your songs anymore. Just stop"?
Now, turn to the last book of the Old Testament, . This, to me, is perhaps one of the heaviest verses of them all. It's just one verse: , verse 10. God says to His people, His last words to them before the coming of the Messiah.
, verse 10 states, "Oh, that one of you would shut the temple doors, so that you would not light useless fires on my altar. I am not pleased with you," says the Lord Almighty. "I will not accept an offering from your hands." Could you imagine God saying it's so bad that He wishes someone would have enough courage to just go lock the doors to the church? Don't even come, because when you do, your hearts are so far from the Lord. It's such a bad representation of God that it's actually more sinful for you to be there than to not be there.
Paul says, "When you come together, it's not for the better; it's for the worse." It should be for the better, but it actually is not. In , the author of the book of Hebrews implies that there is a type of person that God is ashamed to be called their God. When they say, "I'm a Christian," God might respond, "Oh, goodness, could you not say that?" Because of their way of life, their witness, and the way they live, it is shameful to God when they identify as Christians.
This raises a challenging question that we must consider: Are we gathering together for the better or for the worse? Is it for the glory of God and the growth of the body of Christ, or are we gathering for our own glory, for our own greed, for our own gluttonous appetites? This was precisely what was happening at the church in Corinth, which is why Paul had to rebuke them in just a few short verses, specifically verses 17 through 22 in .
He states, "For first of all, when you come together in the church, I hear that there are divisions among you, and I partly believe it." There are divisions among you, and I partly believe it. I think that Paul is giving them the benefit of the doubt when he says, "I partly believe it." He already knew full well that there were certain divisions among the believers at the church in Corinth.
It is no wonder that Ray Stedman, many years ago, referred to 1 Corinthians as "1 Californians." Paul acknowledges the divisions among them, saying, "When you gather together in the church, I hear that there are divisions." News had come to Paul regarding the gatherings of the body of Christ there in Corinth, and the news was not good.
He was told that there are all kinds of divisions there. The word "divisions" in the original Greek is "schisma," from which we get our English word "schism." As we saw previously, at the beginning of 1 Corinthians, the Corinthian body had already divided itself into separate meetings based on the personalities of their leaders. It wasn't just that the church was so big that they had to meet in separate venues; the church had come to a place, as we see in , where the people were saying, "Well, I like this teacher better than this teacher, and I associate with this group better than this group," and that's why they separated. It wasn't just out of necessity; it was out of desire.
Turn to . I know it's been a while since we were there, but it's still there. Look to make sure it's still there. In , verse 10, Paul says, "Now this I say, that every one of you says, 'I am of Paul, I am of Apollos, I am of Cephas, and I am of Christ.'" But Paul asks the question, "Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Were you baptized in the name of Paul?"
So here's the picture: the church at Corinth was divided into these different groups, and the groups were based on the personalities of their leaders. Some people said, "I am of Paul." Others said, "No, no, no, we really like Apollos, so we're of Apollos." Some claimed, "No, we're of Peter. That guy's a miracle worker; he walked on water." Then there was the spiritual group that said, "Well, we are of Jesus. Don't you know?"
Paul responds, "Well, you know, Christ is not divided, and I wasn't crucified for you, but He was. You're not baptized in the name of Christ, so we are all one in Christ. Stop this whole foolish division thing based on personality."
However, the divisions within the church at Corinth went much deeper than just "I'm of Paul" and "I'm of Apollos." It reached a point where people started to divide within those fellowships, within those cell groups, and it was divided basically on social grounds.
Social class divisions are a significant issue, and Paul addresses this by stating that it shouldn't be the way it is. The church at Corinth was filled with people from different backgrounds. In fact, many of the members of the early church, including those in Corinth, were slaves, while others were their masters. Within the fellowship, there were both bondmen, or slaves, and free individuals. When they gathered together, they often divided along these lines.
You would have the wealthy group of people over here, who did not associate with the less wealthy group over there. This division was not merely about wealth but reflected a broader social class distinction within the body of Christ. As Chapter 12 unfolds, we will see that they not only divided based on the personalities of their leaders and social class but also according to spiritual gifts.
Some individuals considered themselves gifted, while others felt they were not as gifted. I apologize for pointing to this side of the room as the less gifted ones and this side as the gifted ones. The middle is the safest place to sit because I never point to you. Regardless, there were those who would say, "I speak in tongues, and you don’t, so I can’t associate with you." What they fail to recognize, as we will see in , is that those gifts were given to minister to one another and to God. They were not meant for personal pride, yet divisions arose over these issues.
Paul exhorts them in , that there should be no schism in the body, but that the members should have the same care for one another. We are called to minister to one another, with no divisions based on giftedness or wealth. The social divisions are very clear and apparent in the secular world, but they should not exist in the church. This should not be the standard for the body of Christ.
It is evident in the world we live in, and it seems to worsen every day. There are even people in our society today who are pouring fuel on the fire, trying to exacerbate these divisions. Just this last week, I saw Michael Moore on MSNBC.
I have a hard time stomaching the guy, but Michael Moore has done some pretty provocative things. Some of his videos are probably interesting, but this one was very provocative. There he was on one of the MSNBC shows with some handcuffs as his little illustration. He looked into the screen and said to all those who are on the Forbes 400—none of them are in this room today—but all those that are on the Forbes 400, which is the 400 most wealthy people in the world today, you have to be well over a billion dollars in assets to be on that list. He looked into the camera and said, "We're coming for you. You should be arrested for all the wealth that you have. We're coming for you. The working class of America is coming for you."
Listen, he does not speak for me. In reality, the guy needs to remove the plank from his eye. He’s a millionaire. Is he really going to throw himself in jail? I’d love to see it. But there is this kind of attitude that fuels this whole social movement. In the church, it should never be the case.
Look at what Paul says in , verse 13. Again, my children have infected me. , verse 13 states, "For by one Spirit, we are all baptized into one body. Whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond, that is, slave, or free, and have been all made to drink into one Spirit."
Now, turn two books to the right to . says, "For you are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus. For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek. There is neither bond nor free. There is neither male nor female. For you are all one in Christ. And if you be Christ, then you are Abraham's seed and heirs according to the promise."
Now, again, turn three books to the right.
Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians. states that where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free, but Christ is all in all. This is the standard for the body of Christ. The body of Christ is to be open to all who would come. It is not to be a social club or take on the appearance of a country club. There ought not to be special seats for the top ten tithers, nor should there be a high IQ row or a blessed balcony, which we don't even have. There shouldn't be anything like that, or a spiritual elite corner.
However, at Corinth, there was division. The Corinthians had divided themselves through their arguments with one another, claiming, "I'm of Paul," or "I'm of Apollos." They isolated themselves into different groups based on social class and spiritual superiority. This still happens in the church today, but it shouldn't. Such divisions should be crucified; they are part of the flesh and represent carnality.
In , verse 19, Paul states, "For there must also be heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you." This can be a little odd. If you read verses 18 and 19 together, it can be confusing, especially in some translations. For example, the New Living Translation says, "First of all, I hear that there are divisions among you when you meet as a church, and to some extent, I believe it." Then, in verse 19, it continues, "But of course, there must be divisions among you, so that those who are right will be recognized."
Wait a minute. What do you mean there are divisions among us? That's a bad thing. But then he says there must be divisions among you. What is he saying? Reading that can be confusing, and often we might just read over verses like verse 19 without fully understanding their implications.
Just see it as an aside and wonder, "Well, what's going on here?" I don't know. We'll just move on.
Again, in the New International Version, verse 18 says, "In the first place, I hear that when you come together as a church, there are divisions among you, and to some extent I believe it." No doubt there have to be differences among you. At least in the New International Version, it changes the words "divisions" and "differences." What it reveals is that there are two different words in the Greek that are used here. In verse 18, the word for divisions is "schisma," but now in verse 19, the King James Version actually provides a better translation in this situation. The word is "hyreses." It sounds like "heresies."
So, he says, "For there must be heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest." What in the world is Paul talking about? There are divisions among you, and this is bad, but there must be heresies to reveal that which is approved. Some just skip over verse 19 thinking, "Well, I don't really know what he's saying," and so they move on to the next verse. But let's consider what he is saying.
It's important to understand the difference between these words and the difference in what is being said. Schisms, unfortunately, happen often in churches when we alienate ourselves from one another over foolish things. It's when people leave a church because of grudges, allowing that grudge to creep into their own heart. They hold on to that grudge, and it festers.
You know, like in the back of your refrigerator when you forget something was there for a while? It starts to fester. It doesn't look very appetizing. As it begins to fester, it starts to grow. Ooh, that's a lovely word picture to think about right now. It festers and starts to grow. The same thing happens with these grudges that come into our hearts; they fester and grow because you certainly can't keep it to yourself. You have to talk with somebody else about it.
So, you talk with maybe two or three dozen others about this. Of course, I'm talking with you because we need to pray about this. We need to pray about this. Pastor Miles said something that really bothered me. We need to pray about it. And so we kind of disguise it.
It's very spiritual. We're going to pray about this. Oh, you don't understand what that wicked person who sat next to me did; they took my parking space. So, I just don't like them. We need to pray about it, but they never actually get to praying. The prayer meeting just turns into a time of gossip.
As it grows, it begins to build into a root of bitterness, and then it's not just a disagreement between brothers. Now it becomes very personal, and you start to say, "Oh, we don't like him. We don't like them. We'd be better off going elsewhere." It's that inability of folks to get over things, to get on with it. They express their division rather than their unity, and they eventually pick up and go elsewhere. They pick up their baseball bat and go to another diamond because they don't like you.
It happens every day, every week, and in every church. The church never grows, and the world is never given the opportunity to see the benefits of the unity of the body of Christ. It happens all the time because it's far easier to pick up and go than it is to sit down, settle that issue, and then move on.
The same thing happens in marriage quite a bit. More than 50% of marriages in our own nation end in divorce, right? These little things—"I don't like the way she cooks," "I don't like the way he smells," and "those sounds that come from him"—make it just easier to split. Schisms arise.
Paul says, "I hear that there's schisms among you, and that ought not to be the case." Now, there are going to be heresies. Wait a minute. Heresies sound far worse than divisions. But heresy, in contrast to schism, has to do with disagreements about doctrine and what the Bible is actually saying.
While heresy is not necessarily a good thing, it is actually better than a schism in the sense that it challenges the body of Christ to dig in and determine, "Is that exactly what the Bible says? Is that exactly what God was thinking about or what God desires for us?" It causes us to look back to the Word and ask, "Is this what God wants for us?"
Is this what this passage should mean? Doctrinal disagreements are not necessarily a bad thing, and the Lord actually allows them to form from time to time. Through these disagreements, the Lord makes manifest the distinction between truth and error. It is through these discussions that we are able to see what is right and what is wrong.
For example, someone might come in and say, "Well, the Bible says that Jesus is the spirit brother of Lucifer and that He is a created being." Does it? Let's have a look and consider. Another person might claim, "The Bible says that one day, I'm going to become a God and I'll have my own planet. Then all those people I don't like, I can smite them on my own planet." Does the Bible really say that? Some will come in and assert, "The Bible teaches that you have to be baptized to be saved." Is that right? Can you give me chapter and verse? Let's consider if this is really what the Scripture says. Is it truly what it teaches?
Heresies that come in are not necessarily a bad thing if we understand the Scriptures and can test them with the Bible to see what is right and what is true. Paul, as he stood at the entrance to Ephesus just before he departed for his last trip to Jerusalem, warned them that seditious heresies would come in and that they needed to be ready to deal with these issues. He emphasized that he stayed there for more than two years to instruct them in the Word.
It is true that through such doctrinal disagreements and differences, we have many denominations in Christianity today. Some might say that all these doctrinal disagreements have caused these denominations. While that may be the case, it is also true that through the proving of the truth, we have determined that groups like the Latter-day Saints and the Jehovah's Witnesses are not orthodox. They are cults; they are not true and are heretical. If you look back...
At the creeds of the church, the Nicene Creed and the Apostles' Creed developed from seditious heresies that emerged. The church said, "Whoa, time out. We need to huddle up. We need to consider, is this true? What is being said by this guy, Arian, who has come in?" The answer was no; it was not true. Therefore, they needed to profess in this creed what they believed and to express their disagreement with these heresies.
I can understand the reality of the Lutheran Church, the Wesleyan Fellowships, a Baptist church, or a Presbyterian church. However, there should never be a first church of the really wealthy people. There should never be an assembly of the body against another church down the road simply because they smell bad or because we didn't like them, leading us to do our own thing. The church of Corinth was divided over social issues, and as a result, they were not experiencing or expressing the unity of Christian fellowship. They weren't witnessing it to their community, nor were they experiencing it within the body of Christ.
Paul says in verse 20, "When you come together, therefore, into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's Supper." We will see next week, when we get down into verse 23, that Paul, while in the city of Corinth, which correlates with , established the church. One of the things he instructed them in was what the church called the Lord's Supper. He states in verse 23, "For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus, in the same night in which He was betrayed, took bread, broke it, and gave it to His disciples, saying, 'Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you. This do in remembrance of Me.'"
Then, after supper, He took the cup and passed it around, saying, "This is the cup of the New Covenant, the New Testament. It's a symbol of My blood. It's to remind you of My blood that is shed for you. Do this in remembrance of Me. As often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you do proclaim the Lord's death until He comes."
So, Paul instructed the church that they should partake of the Lord's Supper. Jesus said, "As often as you do this, you'll remember Me." Therefore, they should do this often. The church at Corinth agreed, saying, "Okay, we're going to do that often." As the church started to grow, one of the traditions that began to develop was something known as the Agape Feast. The Agape Feast was basically...
Just a potluck. We like potlucks, right? I mean, really, it's only churches that have potlucks anymore, and they have lots of potlucks in America. A potluck is like a big American church tradition. However, there's something about that name, potluck, that I don't know if I really like. I love what Ray Stedman said about it. He said, "I like potluck suppers, but I don't like the name. I'm physically opposed to the first syllable, pot, and I'm theologically opposed to the second syllable, luck."
Now, potlucks are great. The Agape Feast was basically a potluck. Pliny the Younger, in the late first century and early second century A.D., was one of the governors in Rome. He wrote to Trajan, the emperor, and talked about the church and how these Christians gathered together to have a common meal. This was the Agape Feast. They would come together and bring food. However, when they gathered in Corinth, those who were more fortunate had something to bring, while there were slaves who had nothing to contribute.
They decided that since they had gotten together, they might as well partake of the Lord's Supper at the end of their Agape Feast. That makes sense. As often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, we should do that. Let's have communion together when we gather at the end of the Agape. Yes, that makes sense. Let's do that.
But Paul had a problem with it. Why? In verse 21, he writes, "For in eating, everyone takes before others his own supper, and one is hungry and another is drunk." They gathered for this Agape Feast, and those who were fortunate brought food and wine with them. Yes, they did drink wine; that's a study for another day. The fortunate members would say, "Well, this is mine," and they would eat their food, drink their wine, and fill themselves to overflowing, becoming gluttonous and drunken. Meanwhile, another group of people who didn't have much sat isolated in the corner. Paul observed this and said, "Well, you just don't have anything, sorry."
This is not what you should be doing. Don't call that the Lord's Supper. If that's what's going to take place, don't put the name "the Lord's Supper" on this thing because that's not at all what it is. That's not what the Lord's Supper is all about.
Well, it begs the question: just what is important for the body of Christ to do when they gather together? If they're not to do what Paul is talking about, which seems to be very closely linked to what we call modern-day fellowship, what exactly are we to do when we gather together as the body of Christ under the name of Jesus Christ as the church of God?
I think one of the best places to turn for that is . You can turn there if you want, but let me just read it: "And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and in fellowship, in breaking of bread, and in prayers." The important marks of the early Christian life are instruction in and obedience to the apostolic teaching, fellowship, breaking of bread, and prayer.
Now, you might ask, "Isn't this agape feast, isn't that fellowship?" I think it's important to maybe do a study on the word "koinonia." As you start to study the word "koinonia," which is translated as fellowship in , you see that what is really implied there is corporate public worship. The church should come together for instruction in the apostolic teaching, for corporate public worship, for breaking bread, and for prayer.
Now, that does not mean that we don't do anything else in His name, but we should not think of having a potluck or playing a ball game as Christians and say that is the church of God. Because it's not. It might be Christians that are playing that ball game and Christians that are having that potluck, but we can't just put the label on it and say, "Hey, church meeting." It's not sufficient to only do that to the exclusion of the other and say, "Well, you know, I had my church today. I went to a church potluck."
No. What we need to be doing is gathering together for instruction in apostolic teaching, corporate worship, breaking of bread, and prayers. What was taking place in the Corinthian agape was anything but agape. When we get to , we're going to see that word "agape" really defined for us because the Greek word "agape" can be translated as love.
In English, but in the King James Version of the Bible, the term is often translated as "charity." They would gather together for this thing called the Agape Feast, yet in no way would they display love. They would withhold their possessions, isolating their belongings and claiming, "This is mine." What do you learn? Well, you don't even really need to learn. What you start to say when you're about two years old is, "Mine! Mine! Don't you touch it; it's mine."
During the feast, everyone would take their own supper before others, leading to one person being hungry while another was drunken. At the end of that time, they would throw in the Lord's Supper and say, "Hey, this is church." No, it is not. If you cannot show love, do not call it a love feast.
In verse 22, Paul asks, "What? Have you not houses to drink in, to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have not?" He continues, "What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I praise you not."
It seems that the church at Corinth wrote to Paul, and much of this is a response to questions they sent him. They were sharing with him about their great thing called the Agape Feast, claiming it was really awesome and suggesting he should start doing it in Ephesus. Paul responds, "Yeah, I've heard about that Agape Feast. This is what I've heard: people are gathering there, committing gluttony, getting drunk, and excluding others who have nothing. How is that Agape?"
So, he cannot praise them for this. He cannot say, "Yeah, right on, keep doing that." He asks, "Don't you have your own houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing?"
From verse 22, we can take away that there are certain liberties we have in the body of Christ. In Christ, we have liberty, but some things are better left outside the gathering of the body of Christ. They are better left away from that which is titled the church of God. If you're going to play bingo, please don't call it church or do it at church. If you're going to be involved in a multi-level marketing business, please don't call it a Christian endeavor and seek to run it in that context.
From within the church, it may be run by Christians, but they don't have a Bible study and instead sell Amway. Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have not? We ought to consider just how we are representing Christ and treating His body with the things that we're doing. How am I representing Christ in what I'm doing? How am I treating others within the body of Christ by my actions?
When we gather together in the name of Christ as Christians, is our behavior glorifying and honorable to God? That's something we honestly have to consider. Are we honoring and glorifying God in our softball teams? Are we honoring and glorifying God in that fellowship meal or in that prayer meeting that quickly degrades into a time of gossip? Are we honoring God when we have a Christian workday or when we have a youth activity or outing?
We're going under the banner of the church of God. We're declaring to people that we're Christians and that we're doing this in the name of Jesus. Do they see honor? Do they see honesty and integrity? Do they see the fruit of the Spirit, or do they see that we're just like the rest of the world? What does the world see when they look at the church?
At the end of the Gospel of John, as well as in the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus goes into Jerusalem and comes into the temple. You remember He made a whip out of cords and drove the money changers and those who sold their wares from that place, saying, "You need to get out of here. This is my Father's house. This shall be called a house of prayer for all nations."
The interesting thing is that scholars believe that this swap meet, so to speak, was in the court of the Gentiles, the only place in the temple where Gentiles, non-Jews, could come and see and experience the worship of the one true God. What did they see when they got there? They came to the court of the Gentiles, and what did they think God is all about? They thought He was all about money. They were gouging people in the exchange rate and selling them goods.
Substandard livestock for sacrifice was sold at an exorbitant amount of money. The focus was all about money. There is an amazing contrast between the Corinthian church, as described in , and the Jerusalem church in . You may remember that in , when the church was very young, many of the people within the body of Christ sold all that they had and gave to those in need. They shared with one another.
In contrast, we see the Corinthians, who said, "No, this is mine." The church in in Jerusalem was so converted, not just in their profession of faith—saying, "Hey, we're followers of Jesus"—but also in the way that they lived. We know it wasn't perfect, as seen in with Ananias and Sapphira. They sold a piece of land and claimed to the church that they sold it for a certain amount, but they actually sold it for much more. They gave only a portion to the church, appearing to be totally sold out. However, they lied to the church and attempted to lie to the Holy Spirit, and God dealt with them in a very severe and swift manner.
So, while it wasn't perfect, they did share with one another what they had. The church at Corinth, however, professed to be believers and followers of Christ, but their lives did not reflect that belief. It didn't show up in their actions. We must question ourselves: Do we profess to be believers in Christ and followers of God? We announce to the world through our t-shirts and bumper stickers that we are Christians. Does God look down from heaven and think, "Oh no, really?"
How are we representing Jesus when we say, "I am a Christian"? To our coworkers, to our family members, and to those we meet in our community, what would your coworkers say about you if they were asked by another believer in the body of Christ? What would your spouse say? Ouch. I'll leave you with that. It hurts, I know.
Let's stand and pray together. Lord,
I thank You that Your word is living and powerful, sharper than any two-edged sword. It is able to cut deep and divides between soul and spirit, joint and marrow. It is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of our hearts. Sometimes it's painful, Lord, especially when we're sitting in a room where the air conditioner went out. It's painful.
But, Lord, we thank You. We thank You that Your word is living and that You do speak to us. You desire to transform us, Lord. Your church, Your gathering, should take on a totally different nature than the other gatherings of this world, which are so self-focused, self-centered, and self-idolizing.
Lord, would You transform my heart and my mind? Transform the way that I interact with my family and my friends, so that those in this world would see and recognize You. May You show up more through us than we ourselves do. We need You to work in this way, Lord.
We ask this in Jesus' name. Amen. We'll be Augustual. Amen. Thank You.
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