Hebrews 9:16
July 2, 2017 · Pastor Miles DeBenedictis
In this teaching
A verse-by-verse teaching from Hebrews 9 showing that a covenant requires the death of the one who makes it, and that the old covenant's repeated animal sacrifices could never take away sin. Christ secured an eternal inheritance by offering himself once for all, fulfilling God's plan from the beginning and bringing rest to those who trust him.
- Faithfulness under the old covenant was costly and endless, offering only a "minimum payment" that could never remove sin.
- A testament takes effect only upon the death of the testator, so Christ had to die to put the new covenant into force.
- Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness, redemption, inheritance, or eternal life.
- The earthly tabernacle and its sacrifices were copies of heavenly realities; Christ entered heaven itself with his own blood, once for all.
- Psalm 40 shows the new covenant was God's will and plan from the beginning; the old covenant was meant to reveal our need for the new.
- Christ's finished sacrifice ends the continual offerings and gives rest to all who labor under the burden of trying to make themselves right.
Readable is a lightly edited reading copy; Verbatim stays close to the spoken words. The audio and video are the record of what was said.
For where there is a testament, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament is in force after men are dead, since it has no power while the testator lives... And without the shedding of blood there is no remission... but now, once at the end of the ages, He has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. And as it is appointed for men to die once, but after this the judgment, so Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many. To those who eagerly wait for Him He will appear a second time, apart from sin, for salvation. ()
Why did Christ have to die? Because a covenant is sealed in blood, and only His blood could pay an eternal debt the old sacrifices never could.
The Costly Burden of Faithfulness Under the Old Covenant
Imagine it is the sixth time in two months you are making the trek back to the temple. Thankfully you live in one of the nearest cities to Jerusalem, so if you rise early enough you can make the trip there and back in a day. But what if you lived thirty miles away in Jericho, or a hundred miles away in Galilee? Even then you would make the journey, because your deepest desire is to honor God with your life. This is what faithfulness to His law looks like, and faithfulness requires sacrifice.
You try very hard, but you are completely unable to live perfectly according to the commandments given in that first covenant. So you have spent the last days taking account of your life—the things you have said, done, and thought, and the acts of faithfulness you failed to do. You come with a lamb selected from your flock, the best you could find, because the law requires the best. Soon you will stand before a priest, your family beside you, place your hands on the lamb's head, and confess your sins. The priest will slit its throat, and that lamb will stand in your place, bearing your sin to be your atonement.
Faithfulness is costly. Six lambs in two months, nearly forty last year. But it is a small price, you think, to be right with God. What if you died without a sacrifice? What if, God forbid, one of your children did? This is the only way to be right with God; this is your hope of righteousness and of resurrection. All of it rests upon the sacrifice you bring to the temple.
A Promised New Covenant
If that were your life, the words God spoke through Jeremiah twenty-five hundred years ago would have shone with hope:
Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah—not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers... I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts... For I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more. ()
What hope is in those words: I will remember no more. For every time you go to the temple, there is a fresh remembrance of sin and the payment due. Yet here is a promise of forgiveness, of no more remembrance of sin, of a conscience completely cleansed and the guilt of sin gone entirely. That is a good promise.
A Better Covenant Built on Better Promises
This is the new covenant Jesus establishes, and it rests on better promises. In He is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises. What is the better promise? Skip to : He is the mediator "that those who are called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance." Not something temporary like the temple sacrifices, but something eternal. That is a far better promise.
How did our mediator secure it? tells us Christ came as a high priest "with His own blood... having obtained eternal redemption," by means of death "for the redemption of the transgressions." What transgressions? Our guilty breaking of God's perfect law. At Sinai the people said, "All that You have said we will do and be obedient"—and within days they were already breaking it. Not because they were less than us; I would have broken it sooner. How quickly our zeal fails.
Point one: Christ secured our eternal inheritance by shedding His own blood. It seems almost insane that He would have to shed His own blood for us. Why?
Why Blood Was Necessary
Covenants between God and humanity are established by the shedding of blood. The old covenant was no exception. "Not even the first covenant was dedicated without blood" (v. 18). When Moses had spoken every precept to all the people and they said, "All that You have said we will do," he took the blood of calves and goats with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled the book of the law and the people, saying, "This is the blood of the covenant which God has commanded you" (v. 19–20). Then he sprinkled the tabernacle and all the vessels of ministry as well.
Yet the first covenant proved not to be enough. It provided a measure of atonement and forgiveness, but it was incapable of eternal redemption. The sacrifices of Exodus, Leviticus, and Deuteronomy—offered daily, weekly, monthly for fifteen hundred years—were both temporal and temporary. Temporal, because they dealt only with sin in an earthly relationship; temporary, because you would sin again that very day and need another. Living perfectly faithful to the old covenant is impossible—not because the covenant is not good enough, but because we are not good enough.
The Minimum Payment on an Eternal Debt
Solomon once offered a thousand sacrifices in a day, and I guarantee that by day's end he sinned again and needed more. It was never enough. It is like having a great debt. A credit card company is awfully nice, isn't it? You owe thirty thousand dollars, but they only require a minimum payment. They are perfectly happy to receive it—appeased for thirty days. Then the balance arrives again, higher than before. You will pay the minimum until you die and leave it for someone else to pay.
Those sacrifices were the minimum payment on an eternal debt. The atonement under the old covenant was a limited atonement; it could never take away sin. As says, the law is a shadow that "can never with those same sacrifices... make those who approach perfect," for "it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats could take away sins."
A Will Requires a Death
But Jesus gives an eternal inheritance and an eternal redemption. An inheritance is given only to those named in the will, and only upon the death of the one who made it. This is exactly what says: "For where there is a testament, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator." Or as the NIV puts it, a will is in force only when somebody has died; it never takes effect while the one who made it is alive.
So why did Jesus have to die? Because there is a testament written, and it is effectual only upon the death of the One who wrote it. "Without shedding of blood there is no remission of sins" (v. 22).
Point two: Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness, no pardon, no redemption, no inheritance, no eternal life. The shedding of Christ's blood is not merely important; it is essential and critical. This is why the church has commemorated it ever since. The night He was betrayed, He took the cup and said, "This is the cup of the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me." We take the bread that symbolizes His broken body and the cup that symbolizes His shed blood because He wanted us to remember: Christ had to die.
A Copy of Heavenly Things, and a Better Sacrifice
"It was necessary that the copies of the things in the heavens should be purified with these" (v. 23). Moses was commanded in –40 to build a tabernacle to dwell in the midst of Israel. It held an altar of incense, an altar for burnt offerings, the table of showbread, the lampstand, and the ark of the covenant. These were shadows and copies of God's temple in heaven, which we cannot see. Moses was given insight on Mount Sinai and told to build after the pattern he had been shown.
So the earthly tabernacle was a copy, purified with the blood of calves and goats. But the heavenly things themselves require better sacrifices. Christ did not enter the holy place made with hands—He is not even a Levite—but into heaven itself, "now to appear in the presence of God for us." He did not offer Himself repeatedly, as the high priest entered the most holy place every year with the blood of another. "But now, once at the end of the ages, He has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself."
The volume of old covenant sacrifices is unfathomable. The Jewish historian Josephus records that on one Passover, two hundred thousand lambs were offered in a single day. The old covenant was PETA's nightmare—and because of what Jesus does, He should be their dream. Jesus offered one sacrifice once for all.
Point three: Christ shed His blood once for all, offering a far better sacrifice. "As it is appointed for men to die once, but after this the judgment, so Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many."
The New Covenant Was God's Plan from the Beginning
Why was this necessary? This letter was written to Jewish Christians being told by family and friends that they still needed the temple, the sacrifices, the priesthood. answers: the law, having "a shadow of the good things to come," can never with the same sacrifices "make those who approach perfect." If it could, they would have ceased; but instead they were a yearly reminder of sins, "for it is not possible that the blood of bulls and goats could take away sins."
The author then proves his point from , written a thousand years before Jesus. There we glimpse the very nature of God—one God in three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, the doctrine of the Trinity. "Sacrifice and offering You did not desire, but a body You have prepared for Me"—the incarnation, God becoming man. "Then I said, 'Behold, I have come... to do Your will, O God.'" He takes away the first that He may establish the second, "and by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all."
Point four: the new covenant was God's will and plan from the beginning. We sometimes treat the first two-thirds of the Bible as God's failed first attempt—as though He sat on a cloud thinking, "This isn't working; let's try plan B." But shows the new covenant was His plan all along. The purpose of the first covenant was to prepare us for the second; the plan of the old was to show us our need for the new.
If you read through Leviticus—the speed bump where many year-long Bible readers stall—the one thing you take away is that righteousness costs a lot. The old covenant shows us just how far we are from a holy God, and its many offerings were meant to increase our desire for the one offering of the new.
Rest for the Weary
Look at : "Every priest stands ministering daily and offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins." Consider that job. Every morning you don fresh white linen, cleanse yourself, and from sunup to sundown people bring animals, confess over them, and you slaughter them, sprinkle the altar, and do it again and again—and these sacrifices cannot take away sin. Talk about futility.
"But this Man, after He had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down at the right hand of God" (v. 12). If you were a priest, that would sound glorious—done, paid in full. "For by one offering He has perfected forever those who are being sanctified." And the Holy Spirit witnesses, quoting Jeremiah again: "I will put My laws in their hearts... their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more. Now where there is remission of these, there is no longer an offering for sin."
The priests would teach the people to know and follow the Lord, knowing they would fail, then offer sacrifice upon sacrifice. But Jesus comes once, offers one sacrifice, and says, "By My Spirit I will write My law on your hearts and minds, and I will remember your sins no more."
Point five: the new covenant forgives our sin and puts an end to the continual sacrifices of the old. Remember Jesus' last words on the cross: "It is finished." This is why He can say in Matthew 11:
Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.
The End of Striving
The burden of the law is great, and many of you have felt it. Perhaps a consciousness of sin and guilt is what first led you to church—because God wrote a conscience on your heart, telling you that you were not living as you should. So you tried, and you failed. Paul describes it in Romans 7: "The good that I will to do, I do not do; but the evil I will not to do, that I practice... O wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?" Notice he says who, not what—not the law, not sacrifice, not the temple, but a person. "I thank God—through Jesus Christ our Lord!"
Maybe you are still trying to make yourself right: if I just stop this, give a little more, serve a little more, then I'll be okay before God. You will never undo the mess you got yourself into—and thank God you don't have to, because Christ Jesus did it once for all. Am I saying you need not seek to live righteously? No—He writes His word on our hearts and directs us to walk in His Spirit. But He still forgives our iniquities and remembers our sins no more.
There is great rest in Christ. The old covenant showed us how far we are from God and how we could never reach up to Him. The new covenant says, "I will come down to you. I will redeem and rescue you, and give you an eternal redemption and inheritance." That is the end of our striving and the entering into rest. God is good in what He has done for us.
Closing Prayer
Jesus, I thank You for doing what I could not do for myself. We cannot deal with the stain of our sin, and yet You said through the prophet Isaiah, "Though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow." You purify, sanctify, cleanse, and redeem—You buy back that which is lost and enslaved to sin and death, and You make us sons and daughters of the holy God. You transform us by the renewing of our minds, by Your Spirit and Your word, and You enable us to walk in the Spirit, not fulfilling the desires of our flesh.
Lord, I pray Your people would know the love, joy, peace, kindness, gentleness, and self-control of Your Spirit, and that it would be evident to those we meet this week—a peace where there used to be anxiety, a love where there used to be indifference, a joy where there used to be hardness. Transform us, and help us display this fruit of the Spirit, because by Your grace You have rescued us. We praise You, Jesus.
If today you have been trying in your own efforts to make yourself right before a holy God, the Bible makes clear it is not possible by our own effort. Jesus did what we could not do. If you would like to receive His forgiving grace, pray with me: Dear Jesus, I know I need You. I cannot deal with my own failures. I thank You that You paid for my failures and sins. I confess my need for You. Come into my life, forgive me of my sin, and help me to follow You by faith. In Jesus' name, Amen.
For where there is a testament or a will, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. A testament is in force after men are dead. Since it has no power while the testator lives, therefore not even the first covenant was dedicated without blood.
When Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop. He sprinkled both the book itself and also the people, saying, "This is the blood of the covenant which God has commanded you." Likewise, he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry. According to the law, almost all things are purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood, there is no remission.
Therefore, it was necessary that the copies of the things in the heavens should be purified with these, but the heavenly things themselves with far better sacrifices than these. For Christ has not entered the holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. Not that he should offer himself often, as the high priest enters the most holy place every year with the blood of another. He then would have had to suffer often since the foundation of the world, but now once, at the end of the ages, he has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.
It is appointed for men to die once, but after this the judgment. So Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many. To those who eagerly wait for him, he will appear the second time, apart from sin, for salvation.
Father, as we consider the text here in Hebrews today, I pray that you would help us to gain insight and understanding, and to make application from the scriptures. Lord, we just sang a creed, our belief, and one of the things that we believe is that this is inspired by you and is given for our instruction in righteousness. We confess that this is living and powerful and sharper than any two-edged sword. It cuts deep and exposes the areas of our lives that need the transforming power of your grace by your Spirit.
So God, would you continue to transform us by the renewing of our minds as we consider your word together today? We ask this in Jesus' name, and all those that agreed said, Amen. You can be seated.
It's the sixth time in two months that you are making the trek back to the temple. Thankfully for you, you live in one of the nearest cities to Jerusalem. If you get up early enough in the morning, you can make the trip there and back in one day. What would it be like if you lived 30 miles away in Jericho or 100 miles away in Galilee to make that long trip to the temple? But of course, even if you lived hundreds of miles away, you'd still make that journey because your deepest desire is to be honorable to God, to honor Him with your life. This is what faithfulness to His law, to His commandments, looks like.
Faithfulness requires sacrifice. Sacrifice, because the fact is, as hard as you try—and you try very hard—you are completely unable to live perfectly according to the commandments, the law given in that first covenant. And so, to be faithful, you have to make this trip. The demand of the law is sacrifice.
Over the last couple of days, you've been taking account of your life over the last week and a half, thinking through the things that you've said, the things that you've done, the things that you've thought, or maybe even some of the things of faithfulness that you haven't done. You have come to the temple with a lamb that you selected from your flock. You went and looked for the best one that you could find because that's what the law requires: to offer the best. You don't want to offer something that is maimed, lame, or blind. You want to be faithful.
And so, you went and selected a lamb. You know that in a short time, you'll stand there at the temple in the presence of a priest, with your family and your children there with you. You will put your hands on the head of that lamb and confess your sins. As you do, the priest will take an almost impossibly sharp blade and will slit the throat of that lamb as it stands in your place.
Taking your sin, the sin of your household, upon it to be your atonement, to die in your place. Faithfulness is costly. Six lambs in two months, almost 40 last year, to go and offer to the Lord. But it's a small price to pay, you think, to be right with God.
What if you were to die without a sacrifice? What if, God forbid, one of your children died without a sacrifice? It's a small price to pay to go to the temple. This is the only way to be right with God. This is what faithfulness looks like. This is what the agreement of the covenant was all about. This is your hope of righteousness. This is your hope of resurrection in the future. All of it is upon this sacrifice that you'll bring to the temple.
If this was your life, there is absolutely no doubt that the words of Jeremiah, the prophet given 2,500 years ago, would not have been something that you looked forward to, that you hoped in. Where God, speaking through the prophet Jeremiah, said, "Behold, the days are coming," says the Lord. states, "The days are coming," says the Lord, "when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand and led them out of the land of Egypt, not according to that covenant of sacrifice there at the temple under the priesthood. My covenant which they broke, though I was a husband to them," says the Lord.
"But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days," says the Lord. "I will put my law in their minds and write it in their hearts, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no more shall every man teach his neighbor and every man his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord,' for they shall know me from the least of them to the greatest of them," says the Lord. "For I will forgive their iniquities and their sin. I will remember no more."
What hope there would be in those words: "I will forgive their iniquities, their sin. I will remember no more." But you remember, every single time you go to the temple, there is a memory, a remembrance of sins committed and the payment that is due. This little innocent animal is going to stand in my place.
And yet, there is this promise, given 2,500 years ago, of a new covenant. A promise of forgiveness. A promise of no more remembrance of sin. Of your conscience being completely cleaned. Of the guilt of sin completely gone. That is a good promise. The new covenant that Jeremiah spoke of. The new covenant that Jesus establishes. It's a new covenant that is based upon better promises.
That's what we saw as we were looking back in . If you're still in Hebrews, just look back at verse 6 of . He, Jesus, is also the mediator, the one who establishes an agreement, a covenant. He is the mediator of a better covenant, which is established upon better promises.
What exactly is the better promise of this better covenant? Well, if you skip down to , just before the text that we're looking at this morning, there are those words again: He is mediator. Just like , verse 6 says, He is the one who establishes this covenant, the new covenant, that those who are called may receive the promise.
What is the promise? It is the promise of the eternal inheritance. That's the better promise of the better covenant. Not something temporary. In the old covenant, the sacrifices offered there at the temple were temporary. He says, here is the promise of something eternal. No, that's a much better promise. The better promise of the better covenant is the promise of the eternal inheritance.
How, though, did our mediator, Jesus, the one who establishes this agreement, this covenant between God and us, secure this better promise? Well, , there in verse 11, says Christ came as a high priest. Going on, it says He came as a high priest with His own blood. He entered the most holy place once for all, having obtained eternal redemption.
What is this eternal promise? It is eternal redemption. Going on down to verse 12, it speaks of the means of death for the redemption of the transgressions. What transgressions? They are the guilty transgressions of God's law.
That perfect law was given by Moses at Mount Sinai, through which the children of Israel said, "All that you have said, we will do and be obedient." Within a matter of days, they were already breaking that law. Not because they were something less than us; I would have probably broken it sooner. All that you have said, we will do and be obedient. Oh, the zeal that we sometimes come before God with! I will serve you. I will follow you. And how quickly we fail.
By means of death for the redemption of the transgressions, verse 15 states that those who are called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance. Point number one on your outline, there in your bulletin: Christ secured our eternal inheritance by shedding His own blood. That's what the text tells us. Christ secured our eternal inheritance by shedding His own blood. It seems so heavy. It seems almost insane that He would have to shed His own blood for us. Why? Why did He shed His blood? Why did He have to die?
Well, there again, we read in , verses 18 through 21, that covenants—these agreements between God and humanity—are established by the shedding of blood. The old covenant was, look at verse 18: "Therefore, not even the first covenant was dedicated without blood." The old covenant required a sacrifice. To have this relationship, this agreement between God in heaven and humanity here on earth, there had to be the shedding of blood.
For when Moses, in verse 19, had spoken every precept to all the people, he read the law in the hearing of the people, and they all said, "All that you have said we will do and be obedient." After he had read the law to the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and he sprinkled the blood on the book of the law, the writing of this law, and on the people. They said, "We will do what you have said in the law," and they are bound by this shedding of blood to fulfill that law, saying, "This is the blood, verse 20, of the covenant which God has commanded you." Then likewise,
He sprinkled the blood on both the tabernacle and the vessels of ministry. Not only was the blood sprinkled on the book of the law, which they said, "We will be obedient to," but it was also sprinkled upon the people. The tabernacle, the place where they would go to worship, meet with God, and offer sacrifices, was also covered in blood. All the instruments of the tabernacle, including the altars, the showbread altar, the table, and the lampstand, were sprinkled with this blood.
In verse 21, it states that he likewise sprinkled the blood on both the tabernacle and the vessels of ministry. Yet, even though all of this was established under the old covenant, the first covenant proved to be insufficient. It provided a measure of atonement and a measure of remission or forgiveness of sins committed under it. However, the old covenant was incapable of eternal redemption.
The sacrifices of the old covenant, which you read about in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, and Deuteronomy, were offered every single day, week, and month for 1,500 years. These sacrifices were temporal and temporary. They were temporal in that they only dealt with sin in the present, in a relationship with God that is only earthly. They were temporary because you could offer a sacrifice and then sin again later that day, necessitating another sacrifice.
If you are seeking to live perfectly faithful to the commandments of the old covenant, it is impossible. It is not impossible because the old covenant is inadequate; it is impossible because we are not good enough. We constantly fail. You could offer the greatest sacrifice imaginable. Solomon, for instance, offered a thousand sacrifices in one day. Yet, by the end of that day, he likely made mistakes and needed more sacrifices. It was never enough, never sufficient.
It's like having a great debt. Perhaps, as I say those words, you are instantly reminded of something you don't want to think about at church: receiving a bill from a credit card company every single month. Maybe that bill is high, and you can't afford it. Perhaps you have a $10,000, $20,000, or even a $30,000 bill.
But that credit card company is awfully nice, aren't they? They say, "Listen, although you owe us $30,000, we're only going to require that you pay this amount right here." It's called the minimum payment. You can pay that. The credit card company is perfectly happy for you to pay the minimum payment. However, they'll be appeased for only 30 days. Then they'll send you another statement and say, "Hey, remember that $30,000 balance? It just went up because you paid the minimum payment." They'll be happy for another 30 days. Just pay the minimum payment, and you'll be paying it until you die, leaving it for someone else to pay.
Those sacrifices are like the minimum payment; they could never take away sin. The atonement, the covering of sin under the old covenant, is a limited atonement. It's not enough; it's the minimum payment on an eternal debt. We saw this briefly, and we'll look at it again in a moment. In through four, the law is described as a shadow of things to come. It can never, with those same sacrifices which they offered year by year, make those who approach perfect. , verse four states, "For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats can take away sins." They can't take it away.
But Jesus gives us an eternal inheritance, an eternal redemption. An inheritance is given only to those entitled to receive it—those who are named or listed in the will, the testament, the last will and testament of the one who has established that will. An inheritance is only given to those who are written into the will and only upon the death of the one who has this testament. This is exactly what the author of the book of Hebrews says in , verse 16: "For where there is a testament, there also must be the necessity of the death of the testator." Another way of saying it, according to the New International Version, is that "in the case of a will, it is necessary to prove the death of the one who made the will, because a will is in force only when somebody has died." It never takes effect while the one who made it is alive.
Why did Jesus have to die? Well, there is this agreement.
This covenant, this testament, this will and testament is written, and it is only effectual upon the death of the one who has written this will. Without the shedding of blood, says, there is no remission of sins. In other words, without the shedding of blood, there is no forgiveness. There is no pardon. That's what forgiveness is—a pardon. Without the shedding of blood, there is no forgiveness, no redemption, no inheritance, and no eternal life. The shedding of Christ's blood under the new covenant is essential. It's not just important; it's critical. Without it, there is no redemption and no pardon.
This is why the shedding of Christ's blood is so important that the church has commemorated it on a regular basis ever since Christ died on the cross. The night that He was betrayed, He took the cup and said, "This is the cup of the new covenant in my blood. This do as often as you drink it in remembrance of me." What do we do on a regular basis here at Cross Connection Church? What has every Orthodox church done for the last 2,000 years? They take the bread, which symbolizes His body that was broken for us. They take the cup, which symbolizes His blood that was shed for us. He wanted us to remember; this is essential. Christ had to die. Without the shedding of blood, there is no remission of sins.
Therefore, verse 23 of states that it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be purified with these. The author is talking about the old covenant. Under the old covenant, Moses was commanded by God, as recorded in Exodus chapters 25 through 40, to build a tabernacle that was to be with the children of Israel as they journeyed in their wilderness wanderings from Egypt to the promised land. This tabernacle was always in the middle of the camp. Everywhere they would go, the entire nation would camp around this tent of meeting, this tabernacle. And there in that tabernacle, there was an altar of incense.
There was an altar for the burnt offerings, a table of showbread, a lampstand, and the ark of the covenant of God. There were all these different instruments in the temple, and these things were just shadows or copies of the temple of God in heaven, that which is unseen and cannot be seen. Moses was given some sort of insight by God on Mount Sinai. God instructed him to build a tabernacle after the pattern of what he had seen, what He had shown him in His temple, His throne room in heaven. So, he built this earthly tabernacle, which is a copy of the things in heaven, as verse 23 states. It had to be purified with the blood of calves and goats, but the heavenly things themselves are better sacrifices than these.
What we have in the old covenant is just a copy; it's a facsimile, just a shadow. The offerings and sacrifices are merely a shadow of a greater sacrifice and offering that had to be made before God in the true temple. Christ has not entered the holy places made with hands. Jesus didn't go into the temple; He is not a Levite. Only the Levites could enter the temple, and only the high priest under the Levitical priesthood of the Old Testament could go into the Holy of Holies. However, those things were just copies; they are not the real thing.
Christ did not enter the holy place made with hands, which are copies of the true, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. Not that He should offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the most holy place every year with the blood of another. He would have had to suffer often since the foundation of the world. But now, once at the end of the ages, He has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.
Those sacrifices in the copies, in the tabernacle, were given every single year, over and over again. We cannot even fathom the greatness of the number of these sacrifices over 1,500 years. Every day, these were offered—every week, every month. Then, on the feast days of Israel, think of occasions like Passover or Yom Kippur. We still hear of these, even if you're not Jewish; they are part of our calendar year. One of the Jewish historians, a man by the name of Josephus, records that on one of the Passovers, 200,000 lambs were offered in one day. Two hundred thousand in one day! I mean, the old covenant was PETA's nightmare.
PETA, the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, views the old covenant as their absolute nightmare. However, because of what Jesus does, He should be their dream. Why? Jesus offered one sacrifice once for all. He appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. As it is appointed for men to die once, but after this, the judgment, so Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many. To those who eagerly wait for Him, He will appear a second time, apart from sin, for salvation.
Point number three on your outline: Christ shed His blood once for all, offering a far better sacrifice. Why was this sacrifice necessary? Remember, this letter was written to Jewish Christians 2,000 years ago who were being told by their leaders in the Christian church that they no longer needed to go to the temple. However, they were also being told by their family members and friends, who were still a part of Judaism, that they still needed to go to the temple. The sacrifices are important. The priesthood is important. You still need to do all of these things. These things are important.
So, why do we no longer need to do that? states, "For the law, the old covenant, having a shadow of the good things to come, the new covenant, and not the very image of those things, can never, with these same sacrifices which they offer continually year by year, make those who approach perfect." The sacrifices under the old covenant were all well and good; they had an importance under the old covenant, but they cannot make you perfect. They cannot deal with the problem of sin. They cannot pay the debt. They are a limited payment, the minimum payment every single time.
For if they could make you perfect, verse 2 continues, then they would not have ceased to be offered. For the worshipers once purified, if they had been perfected, would have had no more conscience of sins. But in these sacrifices, there is a reminder of sins every single year. It is not possible that the blood of bulls and goats could take away sins. Therefore, verse 5 states, when He, Jesus, came into the world,
He said that the routine of the author of the Book of Hebrews is to prove the claims he is making. He supports these claims with the writings of the Old Covenant. He goes back to , which was written a thousand years before Jesus came. In the Psalms, we have this amazing picture of the nature of God.
Christians believe that God is one, but this one God exists in three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. We call this the doctrine of the Trinity. People often ask, where do you come up with this? We find it in the Scriptures, particularly in passages like the one the author of the Book of Hebrews quotes from . In verse 5, it says, "Therefore, when He came into the world, He, Jesus, said, 'Sacrifice and offering You, Father God, did not desire, but a body You have prepared for Me.'"
This signifies that God became a man, which is known as the incarnation. The passage continues, "In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin, You had no pleasure." Then I, Jesus, the Son, said, "Behold, I have come in the volume of the book it is written of Me to do Your will, O God." Previously, in verse 8, it states, "Sacrifice and offering, burnt offerings and offerings for sin You did not desire, nor had You pleasure in them, which are offered according to the law, the Old Covenant."
Then He said, "Behold, I come to do Your will, O God." He takes away the first, the Old Covenant, that He may establish the second, the New Covenant. By that will—what will? "I have come to do Your will, O God." By that will, we have been sanctified, completely cleansed, through the offering of the body of Jesus, once for all.
Point number four: what shows us is that the New Covenant was God's will and plan from the beginning. Why is this important? Because sometimes we can read the Bible, which is divided into two sections: the Old Testament, the first 39 books, and the New Testament, the last 27 books, making 66 in all. We can read the Bible and think that the first two-thirds, from Genesis to Malachi, was kind of God's first attempt at this whole salvation thing, and that it didn't work. So, God in heaven was sitting up there one day...
Wherever that is, on a cloud, that's the way we see it, don't we? And there he was, thinking to himself, this just isn't working. We need to come up with a new plan. So, let's try plan B, the contingency. Jesus, why don't you go down there and clean this whole thing up? It's just not working.
Some people approach the Bible this way. The first two-thirds? Well, that didn't work. Scrap it. Let's try something new. But what passages like show us is that the new covenant was God's will and plan from the very beginning. The purpose of the first covenant was to prepare us for the coming of the second. The plan of the old covenant was to show us our need for the new.
If you and I had to live under the old covenant and wanted to be faithful to God, every single time we failed—and let's all be honest, we fail quite a bit, especially if you're married—we would have to invest in a lot of livestock. You would need to go to the temple often to offer sacrifices. If there is one thing that is clear under the old covenant, it's that righteousness costs a lot.
If you've ever read through the book of Leviticus, you know that people who set out to read their Bible in a year often get stopped at the speed bump called Leviticus. They get to the third book and think, what in the world is this? If there's one thing that's clear from the book of Leviticus, which describes all the offerings you had to make to be right before a holy God, it is that this costs a lot.
The old covenant shows us just how far we are from a holy God. The offerings of the old covenant were given to increase our desire for the singular offering of the new covenant. The priesthood of the old covenant, which was offering these sacrifices every single day, was longing for the rest of the new covenant.
Look at verse 11 of . Every priest under the old covenant stands ministering daily and offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. Now, some of you don't like your job. Let me run this job.
You wake up every single morning and go to get those fresh, clean, white linen clothes that had to be perfectly white because that was the requirement of the law. Then, you would perform a ritual cleansing of yourself and put on these garments. After that, you would go to the temple, and people would come to you from sunup till sundown. They would bring an animal with them, place their hands on it, and confess their sins. You would take a knife, slaughter the animal, and this was a bloody mess.
Then, you would take the blood and bring it to the altar, sprinkle the altar with the blood, and place the burnt offering there. You would do this over and over again, and we are told that those sacrifices cannot take away sins. Talk about the futility of a terrible job—repeatedly offering the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins.
But this man, in verse 12, after he offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down at the right hand of God. If you were a priest, you would think, "That sounds good. You mean done? Paid in full?" From that time, as stated in verse 13, he is waiting until his enemies are made his footstool. For by one offering, he has perfected forever those who are being sanctified.
The Holy Spirit also witnesses to us, for after he had said before, "This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days," quoting , says the Lord, "I will put my laws in their hearts, and I will put it in their minds; I will write it upon their minds." Then he adds, "Their sin and their lawless deeds, I will remember no more."
For where there is remission—read that pardon, forgiveness—of these sins, there is no longer an offering for sin. The priests would teach the Scriptures, the commandments, and tell the people, "You need to know the Lord, you need to follow the Lord, you need to serve the Lord," knowing that every time they said that, these people were not going to do it. Then they would offer sacrifice upon sacrifice upon sacrifice.
And this man, Jesus, comes at one time, offers one sacrifice, and then he says, "By my Spirit, I'm going to write my law and word on your hearts and on your minds. It's there with you, by his Spirit."
At all times, I will forgive their iniquity and their sin. I will remember it no more.
Point number five: the new covenant forgives our sin and puts an end to the continual sacrifices of the old. Does anyone remember Jesus' last words on the cross? He said, "It is finished." As He died in our place, as a sacrifice for us, He proclaimed, "It is finished." This is why Jesus can say, as recorded in the Gospel of Matthew, chapter 11, "Come to me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls, for my yoke is easy and my burden is light."
The burden of the law is great. There are many of you here who have experienced that burden. You have tried to fulfill the righteous requirement of the law on your own. Maybe that was the very first thing that led you to church—maybe not this church, but any church. You went there because there was a consciousness of sin. There was a guilt that weighed upon you because God wrote upon your heart a conscience, and there was something that told you you weren't living up to the way you were supposed to live. You were compelled to try and deal with this problem.
You've tried, and you've tried. And if you've tried, you've failed. Why? The Apostle Paul describes it like this in the book of Romans, chapter 7: "The good things I want to do, I don't do. The bad things I don't want to do, that I practice." Can anyone relate to that? He says, "Oh, wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from the body of this death?" It's awesome that he says "who," not "what." He concluded, he understood it wasn't the law, it wasn't sacrifice, it wasn't the temple, it wasn't the priesthood. He asked, "Who will deliver me from the body of this death?" And praise God.
He doesn't end there, because he says, "I thank God through Christ Jesus." Maybe today you're still trying to make yourself right, to make yourself perfect. If I just keep this, if I just do this, if I just don't do that, if I just stop that, then I'll be okay before God. Then all of these problems will be dealt with. If I just go to church, if I just give a little more, if I just serve a little more, you will never be able to undo the mess you got yourself into.
And thank God you don't have to, because Christ Jesus did it once for all. Well, pastor, are you saying that I don't need to seek to live righteously? No, that's not what I'm saying, because He says, "I will write my word in their hearts and in their minds. I'll forgive their iniquity; I'll remember their sins no more." But I'm going to write it on the tablets of their hearts, and I'm going to direct them to walk in my Spirit. I'll still forgive their iniquities; I'll remember their sins no more.
There is great rest in Christ, in His sacrifice. And so He says, "Come to me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." That is glorious gospel, good news. That's great grace. That's what the new covenant brings. The old covenant was given to show us just how far from God we are and how we will never, by our own abilities, be able to reach up to Him. But the new covenant says, "I will come down to you. And I'll redeem, I'll rescue, and give you an eternal redemption and inheritance." What great news! It's the end of our striving. It's the entering into rest. God is good, and what He's done for us. Amen.
Would you stand with me as we close in prayer? Jesus, I thank you for doing what I could not do for myself. Lord, we cannot deal with the stain of our sin. And yet, you said through the prophet Isaiah, "Though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be..."
As white as snow, Jesus, you purify, you sanctify, you cleanse, you redeem, and you buy back that which is lost and in slavery to sin and death. You make us sons and daughters of the holy God. You transform us by the renewing of our minds, by the working of your Spirit, and by your Word. You enable us, by the power of your Spirit, to walk in the Spirit, not fulfilling the desires of our flesh.
Lord, I pray that your people would know the love, joy, peace, kindness, gentleness, and self-control of the presence of your Spirit in our lives. I pray that it would be evident to those we come in contact with this week. They would see your transforming power at work in us. They would see that we don't respond the way we used to respond. They would see a peace where there used to be anxiety and fretting. They would see a love where there used to be indifference. They would see a joy where there used to be hardness. God, transform us and help us to display this evidence, this fruit of the Spirit. Because by your grace, you've rescued us. We praise you, Jesus.
It may be, as we're standing here today, that you have been trying, in your own efforts, to make yourself holy and right before a holy, righteous God. What the Bible makes very clear is that it's not possible for us to do it by our own efforts. Jesus did what we could not do. The law was weak because of our failures and our flesh. But Jesus came and fulfilled it all to give us grace, to forgive us of our sins, and to completely transform and renew us.
If you'd like to receive His grace and His forgiveness today, I want to give you a chance to do that by leading you in a prayer of trust, faith in Him, and confession. Under the old covenant,
You would go and confess your sins to the priest. We have a priest; our high priest is Jesus. We confess our failures to Him, and He has the ability to forgive us completely.
If you'd like to receive His forgiving grace today, I want to give you a chance to do that. Would you just lift up your hand high so I can see it? Anyone here today? God bless you. I see over here a couple in the middle. Praise the Lord.
Anyone else? Do you want His grace to come and overflow your life and pardon you of your sin? If that's you, standing where you're at, would you just pray with me?
Dear Jesus, I know I need You. I cannot deal with my own failures. I thank You that You paid for my failures and sins. Lord, I confess my need for You. I pray that You'd come into my life, that You would forgive me of my sin, and that You'd help me to follow You by faith. In Jesus' name, Amen.
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