Line Upon LineLine Upon Line
Hebrews 10:1-39

It Is Finished

April 18, 2004 · Pastor Miles DeBenedictis

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A verse-by-verse teaching through Hebrews 10 that contrasts the repeated, insufficient sacrifices of the Levitical system with the one finished sacrifice of Jesus Christ. The message calls believers to draw near to God in the confidence of Christ's completed work, to hold fast without drawing back into dead religious works, and to live by faith alone.

  • The law was a shadow pointing to Christ; its repeated sacrifices could only cover sin, never remove it or cleanse the conscience.
  • God ordained the Levitical system knowing man would try to save himself, and gave 4,000 years to prove no human effort can reach God.
  • Jesus willingly offered one sacrifice for all and sat down at God's right hand, crying "It is finished" — the work of redemption is complete.
  • Through the torn veil (His flesh) believers now draw near to God boldly, cleansed by His blood and assured by the witness of the Holy Spirit.
  • To sin willfully and draw back into religious systems is to reject the only sacrifice; there is no other way of salvation but Christ.
  • The just shall live by faith — even believers must resist the pull toward dead works, drawing near to God out of love, not to earn His favor.

Readable is a lightly edited reading copy; Verbatim stays close to the spoken words. The audio and video are the record of what was said.

For the law, having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect... But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins, forever sat down at the right hand of God... By one offering hath he perfected forever them that are sanctified... Now the just shall live by faith. But if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him. But we are not of them that draw back unto perdition, but of them that believe to the saving of the soul.

The law could only cast a shadow of sin's cure — but Jesus cried "It is finished," sat down, and perfected forever those He sanctified.

The Law Was Only a Shadow

The tenth chapter of Hebrews brings us to the summation of the doctrinal portion of this book. The writer — who I believe is Paul — focuses now on the sacrifice God called for in the Pentateuch. A sinner would bring his lamb, ram, goat, or bull to the priests, lay his hands upon it, and confess his sin. It is a beautiful thing that the lamb was inspected, not the person bringing it. Then the animal would be offered for the sin — but only as a covering. You could find out who the real sinners were by how many sheep they brought year after year; if you sinned a lot, it hit you in the pocket.

Paul says in verse 1 that the law was "a shadow of good things." In we read:

For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God, by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh...

The law was weak — just a dim silhouette cast on the wall of what God desired to do in sending His only Son. Yet the law had its purpose. As says, "the law is our schoolmaster to bring us to Christ, that we might be justified by faith." It was meant to lead us to the feet of Jesus, the One who could truly take away sin — not merely cover it, but remove it and redeem us.

Falling in Love with the Shadow

But so many became hung up on the law, on the external works, on the sign that was pointing to Jesus. They fell in love with the shadow. It would be as if a man, when the minister says "you may kiss the bride," fell to the floor and began kissing her shadow. The shadow is not the express image; it is not the actual. The law was never what God desired man to live by — only something to point to the good thing to come.

Those sacrifices could not perfect the comers. For if they could, verse 2 tells us, they would have ceased to be offered. If those offerings were good enough in God's eyes, He would never have called for a new covenant, never sent His Son. Jesus would have had an answer in Gethsemane that night when He cried, "If there be any other way, let this cup pass from me." But there was no other way. The heavens were silent, as brass, as He sweat blood and cried out three times.

Every time a worshiper offered his sacrifice, he went away still carrying the remembrance of sin, because it was only a covering. He knew the next time he sinned he would have to bring another lamb. "It is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins."

Why God Established an Insufficient System

So why did God ever establish this? Did He set up the Levitical system and only later realize it wasn't working? No. tells us of "the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world." The fact is proclaimed in the last book of the Bible, and prophesied in the first.

In , after Abraham waited so long for his son Isaac, God spoke again after years of silence: "Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest... and offer him there as a burnt offering." Abraham rose early, saddled his donkey, and went. On the third day he said to his servants, "I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and we will come again to you." As they walked, Isaac asked, "Behold the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?" And Abraham answered, "My son, God will provide himself a lamb."

So the last book proclaims the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world; the first book prophesies that God will provide the Lamb; and reveals Him — "Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world." God had a plan all along, and the Levitical system was only a shadow of it.

God Knew Man Could Not Do It

Why give the system in the first place? Because God knew man, having created him. What did Adam do when he sinned and saw his nakedness? He tried to cover it, to fix it, to clean it himself. God gave man an institution — the Levitical system — to show man he could not do it by his own efforts.

I was thinking this week: why didn't God simply offer Himself as the sacrifice immediately after Adam sinned, since it was already finished from the foundation of the world? Because if He had, man would still try to perfect himself. So God gave man 4,000 years to try to go it alone, to figure out whether he could get to God on his own — until he had exhausted every effort and seen there is no other way. He fell short of the glory of God time and again; the offerings didn't work; the consciousness of sin remained. God set up that system to show us we cannot do it. Then, at the perfect time, He sent His Son.

His Delight to Come

And He didn't send His Son kicking and screaming. Just as Isaac did not have to be dragged up Moriah, Jesus came willingly. In , quoting , He says, "Lo, I come... to do thy will, O God." It was His delight and desire to be the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world — the One who would not only cover our sins but remove them and redeem us.

The law was always meant to be a schoolmaster leading us to Jesus, to show us our weakness, never something to latch onto thinking we could save ourselves. This morning we sang songs exalting God's holiness; in singing them we should realize how low we are and how much grace we've been given. Yet so many got focused on the offering itself. And it hasn't changed. We don't offer goats today, but we have self-help books and countless ways to try to improve ourselves — and still the consciousness of sin remains. Nothing you can do, nothing I can do, can purge it. But He said, "Lo, I come to do thy will, O God."

One Sacrifice, Forever

He takes away the first that He may establish the second. The law could justify a person before God for a time, until he sinned again — a temporary covering. It never had the power to sanctify or glorify. But by Jesus' offering "we are sanctified... through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once." Underline it — once for all.

Verse 11 says every worldly priest "stands daily ministering," offering the same sacrifices that can never take away sins — working, working, working. Pastor Richard mentioned last week that Josephus records 250,000 lambs offered in a single day at Passover, the blood flowing off the Temple Mount into the Kidron Valley like a river. It's a disgusting thing to think about — and God made it disgusting so we would realize the disgustingness of our sin. Sin is sick.

But this man, verse 12, "after he had offered one sacrifice for sins, forever sat down." On the cross He cried, Tetelestai — "It is finished. It is accomplished. It is complete." He bowed His head and died. But He is not dead; He rose and is now seated in the place of honor and authority at God's right hand. He doesn't stand in human effort repeating sacrifices — He offered one, and sat down at rest.

The Finished Work

A teenage boy whose devout mother was away felt a sudden urge to read. Not a believer, he went to the family library expecting sermonizing but hoping for a good story. He came across a phrase that stuck with him: the finished work of Christ. He wondered why the author didn't say the propitiatory or atoning work. As he pondered it, the words "It is finished" went through his mind, and he realized: if the work is complete, what is left to do? He saw there was one thing left — and he fell on his knees and gave his heart to the Lord. That boy was J. Hudson Taylor, founder of the China Inland Mission. And that is the rest of the story.

The work of redemption is finished, and Jesus is seated, "from henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool." The rebellion of Satan continues and will continue until it wears itself out, until rebellion has been tried from every angle and proven futile. Satan foolishly believes he will prevail, but he is a beaten foe. It is finished. "For by one offering hath he perfected forever them that are sanctified."

The Witness of the Spirit and the New Covenant

The Holy Ghost is a witness to us. says "the Spirit himself bears witness that we are children of God." If you come to me unsure whether you're saved, I won't assure you — I'll tell you to go pray and seek the Lord until His Spirit bears witness with your spirit. If I assure you, someone else can come along and unsettle you; but when the Holy Spirit of God bears witness to you, you will never doubt it again, though the enemy will throw many doubts at you.

He promised this new covenant in :

Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel... I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts... for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.

No longer merely covered — cast as far as the east is from the west, remembered no more. And where there is remission of sin, says, "there is no more offering for sin."

Draw Near with Boldness

Because of this, verse 19, we have boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus, "by a new and living way, which he hath consecrated for us, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh." Jesus said in , "I am the way, and no one comes to the Father except through me." The old way had a huge veil separating God and man — ultimately our sin, physically the temple veil. When Jesus cried "It is finished," the veil was torn from top to bottom. God did the work; the way was opened. There weren't Levites tearing the veil — it was God.

Now, having a high priest over the house of God who never dies and intercedes day and night, "let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience" — sprinkled with His cleansing blood — "and our bodies washed with pure water," the washing of the water of His word from . We come boldly because we have been cleansed by what Jesus did. Why go after anything else? Now that you've been redeemed, why would you ever return to any other thing? Let us draw near.

Hold Fast Without Wavering

"Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering, for he is faithful that promised." Don't let it go, because others will come against it — just as in Paul's day, people followed his gospel with, "There are some other things you still need to do; now you must be circumcised." There will always be those who try to distract you from the liberty we have in Christ — by grace through faith, not of works, lest any man should boast.

He is faithful. When I am faithless, He remains faithful, for He cannot deny Himself. It is not by anything Miles can do, because all my righteousness is as filthy rags. So hold fast, don't be tossed to and fro by every wind of doctrine.

And "let us consider one another to provoke one another to love and to good deeds, not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as is the manner of some." Some in that church were walking away from the assembly to return to the temple and the Levitical system. There are those in our day — even from our own church — who have left the gathering of the body of Christ, maybe not to do vile sins, but to return to a religious system to try to perfect themselves. It won't work. We are to exhort one another, and so much the more as we see the day approaching, when Jesus will call His church home.

A Fearful Warning

Then comes a great caution in verse 26: "For if we sin willfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins." Many have stumbled over this verse. Can we lose our salvation, or are we eternally secure? It makes more sense in light of the Levitical system, which had no sacrifice for willful, high-handed sin — the person who said, "I want nothing to do with God." The penalty was capital punishment. There was no atoning sacrifice for that sin.

Notice the flow: verse 25 speaks of some leaving the assembly; the next verse speaks of willful sinning, returning to the world uncovered. First says those who went out from us were never truly of us. Do I believe a person can lose their salvation? Absolutely not. Do I believe someone can reject it? Yes — and they would be foolish to do so. When we gather, we are the body of Christ. If you leave and say, "I want nothing to do with that," you remove yourself from the body, and there is no more sacrifice for sin — meaning there is nothing you can do to save yourself. The only way is Jesus.

Remember Rahab. The spies told her that as long as she and her family stayed inside the house with the scarlet thread in the window, they would be safe; but if any went out, their blood would be on their own head. It was the same as Passover — stay within the house under the blood, or face judgment. I believe you are eternally secure as long as you abide in Christ, in the body of Christ. Go outside, and I don't even want to think about what awaits.

The Shadow of Judgment

Verse 27 describes "a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation which shall devour the adversaries." He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses — how much sorer punishment for one who has trodden under foot the Son of God and counted the blood of the covenant an unholy thing?

Listen: if the law of Moses was a shadow of good things, then the punishment under Moses' law was a shadow of the judgment coming upon those who reject Christ. Under Moses, willful sin brought physical death without mercy. But Jesus said, "Do not fear those who can take away your body, but fear Him who can cast your soul into hell." How much sorer punishment for the one who counts Christ's blood a common thing — "That's great for you, Scott; I've got my own way." That is the postmodern society we live in, where people say, "That's good for you, but I've got my own thing." No — you have a Levitical priesthood that will not stand on the day of Christ Jesus. Whether you believe it or not, it is still true.

You might ask, why raise your voice? Why be so condemning? It isn't me — it is the word of God: "Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord... It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God." A great man of God said fear does good office work in leading a man to repentance. Spurgeon said, dangle them over the fires of hell and they'll repent. I'd rather you feel uncomfortable today than burn for eternity. We don't have to fear that — but our unbelieving family and friends are looking toward it. Those big words boil down to a lot of pain for eternity, something we never have to imagine, because we've been sanctified by Christ's work.

Do Not Draw Back

Paul writes to Hebrew Christians tempted to return to the former way. Don't go back, because there is no other name under heaven whereby men must be saved. "But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions." You've already gone through all those afflictions — made a gazing stock, pointed at, called a fool for following Jesus; made a companion of the very people you once looked down upon. Imagine Paul, once highly esteemed Saul of Tarsus, now spat upon.

In verse 34 — one reason I believe Paul wrote this — "ye had compassion of me in my bonds, and took joyfully the spoiling of your goods, knowing in yourselves that ye have in heaven a better and an enduring substance." Some say, "I don't want Jesus because the world seems better." But the things of this world end in death. Follow the Lord, because you have a better and enduring substance in heaven that lasts forever.

"Cast not away therefore your confidence, which hath great recompense of reward." Don't cast it away and become a castaway. "For ye have need of patience." Yes, the trial is hard, but it's 70 or 80 years at most — a vapor working for us a far greater and eternal weight of glory. The things of this world are not worth comparing with the glory to be revealed in us. That was Mike Callahan's favorite verse, and now he has received his reward, having patiently endured and done the will of God. That is what we have to look forward to as well. "For yet a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry."

The Just Shall Live by Faith

"Now the just shall live by faith." While we wait for His appearing, we cannot turn back to other things. There is no other way. This quote from appears three times in the New Testament. In it is written to Gentiles that they might become the just — justified freely by grace. In it is written to Gentile believers who fell back into religion, so the emphasis is "the just shall live by faith." Here in Hebrews, written to Hebrew Christians tempted back into religion, the emphasis is "the just shall live by faith" — faith alone, no other way. This is another reason I believe Paul wrote the book.

Next week we'll enter chapter 11 — faith as the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen — and meet those who obtained a good testimony by faith. And who is the first mentioned? Not Abel — "through faith we understand." If you want to be part of the hall of faith, be one who believes.

"But if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him." The Lord is not pleased with the servant who falls back into dead works. "But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition, but of them that believe to the saving of the soul."

It Isn't Only for Them

You might think this applied only to Hebrew Christians — that we're not tempted to work for our salvation, that we're Calvary Chapel. But there's a great temptation in all our hearts, because I know it's in mine. "I didn't read enough of the word yesterday; I need to read more tomorrow so the Lord will be happy with me. I didn't pray today; tomorrow I'll be on my knees at four — on the rocks, so it hurts — no, flat on my face, because then He'll be happy." You will not make the Lord more happy. That is religious dead works.

Does that mean we neglect those things? No — we provoke one another to love and good deeds, stirring one another to follow the One who loved us so much He gave Himself for us. He desires relationship with us, and that should stir in our hearts a desire to know the One who gave all.

Closing Prayer

Father, I believe You are speaking to each of us today. There is the temptation in my life to fall into a pattern of just trying to do things to make You more happy — but there is nothing I can do to obtain a better standing with You, because You have accomplished it all. You said, "It is finished." There is no more offering — except perhaps the sacrifice of praise, when we come to You praising and thanking You. But even that does not give us a tighter grip on You, Lord. Would You draw us closer to You this morning — not by our own efforts, but by the work You accomplished and the work You did? For we ask it in Jesus' name. Amen.

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